2016년 10월 28일 금요일

I-16 (plane)

I-16 (plane)

PolyKarpov I-16

I-16 which was displayed by an airshow of 2003

I-16 which was displayed by an airshow of 2003

PolyKarpov I-16 (bare :И-16 E シヂスャート, Polikarpov I-16) is the having a single wing fighter which the polyKarpov design station of the Soviet Union developed. It is the fighter with the world's first practical gaining over leg which runs early in World War II from a war interphase, and acted as a main fighter of farmers and workers Red Army troops.

Table of contents

Summary

I resemble the G B racer who is a high speed race machine made in the United States of America in the appearance of this plane having the wooden body short thickly and become in the form that it is extremely a shorty. I establish the shutter in the front part of engine cowling of the nose, and an engine prevents an overthing becoming cool at the time of intense cold [1]. TsKB-12 of the prototype was completed in 1933 and made the first flight in December.

The mechanic characteristic ahead of the times was the gaining over leg which operated by wire drive by the human power of the pilot, and the world was fastest, and the speed overwhelmed 95 sets of fighters and wings of a biplane fighter including He 51 for performance in the actual fighting at the time of deployment [2].

In Spanish Civil War, Nomonhan incident, the early days of the German ソ war, I was used for the Soviet Union, war in Finland, but the progress of the plane at this time was remarkable and in a sense "it was done and has been going to play a position" unluckily because the high-performance fighter which was new by an enemy side appeared even for which battle. Still several aces who steered I-16 were born in the Soviet Union. But I-16 had finished relatively already becoming an old type as of 1941 when Reichswehr invaded and attacked in the Soviet Union and was gradually replaced them when higher-performance Yak-1 and LaGG-3, MiG-3 appeared although I was able to continue use as a fighter and a fighter-bomber afterwards.

At the time of design start of 1932, it was the eager design that included 純片持式低翼単葉, the body of the pure monocoque, a gaining over leg, a sliding shelter belt, the new direction including the thrust type single exhaust pipe in the biplane height of prosperity. Matched a various derivation type, and 8,644 planes (with 9,450 planes) were made by 1941. I became an old type at the time of the World War II outbreak, but new types were reproduced, and it was applied until about 1943 by ground-attack duties.

I was called by nicknames such as Mosca (Mosca, fly), ラタ (Rata, mouse) from a soldier of the イシャク (Ishak, donkey) Spanish Civil War from Soviet Union soldier from the short and thick body.

In the Nanjing anti-Japanese movement aviation Memorial, an actual machine is watched. As for the painting, the nationality mark is azure sky broad daylight in bottle green.

Derivation type

A considerable difference is seen in the explanation about some models by documents. This list is made from the next documents. [3][4] [5]

TsKB-12
The first prototype. It was equipped with non-tuning-type ShKAS machine gun two orders and ammunition 900 in 336kW (450 hp) M-22 engine, a wing.
TsKB-12bis
The second prototype. It was equipped with 533kW (715 hp) Wright SGR-1820-F-3 cyclone engine.
TsKB-12P (I-16P)
The prototype which was equipped with ShVAK cannon two orders and ammunition 150 in a wing.
TsKB-18
The air raider with M-22 engine and the armor cockpit above the ground. It was equipped with ShKAS or PV-1 machine gun four orders and a bomb of 100 kg (220 lb). Furthermore, the ShKAS machine gun of six orders was put on two I-16 Type 5 and was able to turn four orders of those under 20 degrees for sweeping with fire above the ground.
TsKB-29 (SPB)
It carried air pressure-type undercarriage and flap, light cyclone engine, ShKAS machine gun two orders and was used in ズヴェノー project as a high-speed dive-bomber.
I-16 Type 1
A mass production trial manufacture model. 358kW (equipped with 480 hp)M-22 engines. .
I-16 Type 4
A first mass production type. It was equipped with M-22 engine.
I-16 Type 5
The model that was equipped with engine cowl and the 522kW (700 hp) シュベツォフ M-25 engine that the taper depended on Type 4 with a streamline. Two prototypes were equipped with M-62 engine and were examined. I was mass-produced.
I-16 Type 6
It was equipped with 545kW (730 hp) シュベツォフ M-25B engine. The weight decreased to 1,383 kg.
I-16 Type 10
ShKAS machine gun (I put a tuning-type thing on the body two orders and carried another two orders in a wing) and 560kW (the model that was equipped with 750 hp)M-25B engines, and drew a shelter belt in place of a sliding canopy in setting, the winter season, and did expression skiing if wearing was possible.of four orders The body made in Hispano-Suiza was equipped with light cyclone R-1820-F-54 engine.
I-16 Type 12
The model that put the ShKAS machine gun of 2 gates and the ShVAK cannon of 2 gates on I-16 Type 5.
I-16 Type 16
The model that put a tuning-style ShVAK 12.7mm trial manufacture type on Type 10. Only three planes of the serial number of 16,211-16,213 were produced in 1939. I passed the examination in the factory and was transported for the examination in the air force. [6]
I-16 Type 17
Put the ShKAS machine gun of 2 gates and the ShVAK cannon of 2 gates on Type 10, and change the tail wheel to the rubber tire; 560kW (a model equipped with 750 hp)M-25V engines. 12.7mm (0.5 in) UB machine gun for sweeping with fire above the ground was equipped with by several planes.
I-16 Type 18
The model that carried 620kW (830 hp) シュベツォフ M-62 engine and the second-speed supercharger, variable-pitch propeller in Type 10. It is two 100 under a wing l (26 US gal) was able to carry a belly tank.
I-16 Type 19
Except that changed the ShKAS machine gun which carried in a wing for savine - ノロフ machine gun; a model same as Type 10. The propeller tuning machine gun is not changed. Only three planes were prepared by serial number of 19,211-19,213 in 1939. I was used for the examination of the new machine gun and was sent to the air force afterwards first as I-16SN. Activity was seen in war in winter. [6][7]
I-16 Type 20
Four prototypes equipped with propeller tuning-type savine – ノロフ (SN) machine gun made in the 21st factory in February, 1939 were given this name first. This type was rejected in August, 1939, and this name was reused afterwards by the first model (I agree other than a belly tank with type 10) that could be equipped with a fall-type belly tank. This 93 l (25 US gal) the belly tank was named PSB-21. 80 planes were delivered to the air force. In addition, all I-16 made after January, 1940 was able to carry these belly tanks. [6]These belly tanks were made from the thing which 97 sets of Japanese fighters used. [The source required]
I-16 Type 21 and Type 22
These models were planned to carry the propeller tuning machine gun of four orders. Type 21 was a plan to carry only ShKAS, and, on the other hand, type 22 was a plan to mixedly mount ShKAS and SN machine gun. These types were used in existence only for on desk neither. [6]
I-16 Type 23
The model that added RS-82 rocket bomb to Type 10. 35 planes were made from May, 1939. The further production was canceled in August, 1939. [6]
I-16 Type 24
The model that abolished a method to hang ShKAS of four orders, the aileron of right and left at the same time, and installed a flap, and added a tail wheel, and installed the second piece door in the cockpit right side, and was equipped with 670kW (900 hp) シュベツォフ M-63 engine.
I-16 Type 27
The model that put M-62 engine on Type 17.
I-16 Type 28
The model that carried ShKAS of two orders and ShVAK of 2 gates in Type 24.
I-16 Type 29
The model that carried UBS of one order to the nose in tuning-type ShKAS of two orders, the lower body. I was kept for the equipment for the ground attack without carrying firearms in the wing. I put a rocket bomb shelf on both wings by three. Furthermore, the hard point for the outside belly tank was changed to the multipurpose thing from 1941 and came to be able to be equipped with new model fall type belly tank PLBG-100 or FAB-100 bomb. I can confirm two deployment examples from a wartime photograph photographed in the summer of 1941. As for one, the FAB-100 bomb of six RS-82 rocket bombs and two, another example are four RS-132 rocket bombs. [8]
I-16 Type 30
The model that was mass-produced again for 1941-42 years. It was equipped with M-63 engine
I-16TK
The model that carried a turbocharger to make performance in the substratospheric altitude Type 10. I reached 494km/h (307mph) at 8,600m (28,200 ft), but was not mass-produced.
UTI-1
A double seats training plane type of Type 1.
UTI-2
An improved model of UTI-1. I was equipped with a fixed leg.
UTI-4 (I-16UTI) or I-16 Type 15
A double seats training plane type of Type 5. Most were prepared by a state equipped with fixed leg. As for this model, a considerable number was made, and about 3,400 planes were made. [9]

Essential points (I-16 Type 24)

 
Figure of I-16 three

The source: [4]

Specifications

Performance

  • Maximum velocity: 525km/h (an altitude of 3,000m)
  • A ferry flight flying range: (nautical mile)
  • A flying range: 700km (at the time of the belly tank deployment)
  • Service ceiling: 9,700m
  • The rate of climb: It is 5.8 minutes to 14.7 m/min, an altitude of 5,000m
  • Loading: 134 kg/m2
  • Power loading (propeller): 346kW/kg

Armament

I display a template
  As for the commentary of the used unit, please see Wiki project aviation / physics unit.

Body to exist

It was a New Zealand pilot, and, from 1993, Alpine Fighter Collection which Tim Wallis of the enterpriser owned planned what restore did in the state that could fly six I-16 and three I-153 discovered in Russia by Soviet Aeronautical Research Institute (Sibnia) of Novosibirsk. [10] The maiden flight of the first body (I-16 9) made restore was carried out in 1995. The body made restore was transported to Vladivostok by rail and was transported by ship to the New Zealand via Hong Kong from there. This plan was completed in 1999 when I-153 of the third plane arrived at the New Zealand. Furthermore, I-16 of the seventh plane was performed restore of later for Jerry Yagen of the American collector.

I can fly and a plane

  • I-16 Type 24 White 45/N30425, Commemorative Air Force, Texas, USA
  • I-16 Type 24 White 28/N1639P, Military Aviation Museum, Virginia, USA
  • I-16 Type 24 CM-249/EC-JRK, Fundación Infante de Orleans, Madrid, Spain
  • I-16 Type 24 Red 4/NX7459, Flying Heritage Collection, Washington, USA
  • I-16 Type 24 9/D-EPRN, individual possession, Germany
  • I-16 Type 24 34/RA-1561G, individual possession, Russia

Display machine

Reference

Footnote

  1. By the way, it is said that it is from stock argument, "having a short it is advantageous to the body if I pursue high-speed performance" of Nicolai ポリカールポフ which is a designer that this ^ plane became in the form that it is a shorty such.
  2. 見受 where Nomonhan incident-related, the description that was 優速 remains it for 97 sets of fighters which is ^ is kicked, but or, as for the maximum speed, 97 exceed 475km/h (an altitude of 3,000m time) and the same class a little, and it is swoop speed that I-16 was 優速.
  3. ^ Liss 1966, p. 8.
  4. ^ a b Shavrov 1985
  5. ^ Green 2001, pp. 473–475.
  6. ^ a b c d eМасловМ. А. (2008) (Russian). Яуза/Коллекция/ЭКСМО. pp. 55–57. ISBN 978-5-699-25660-0. 
  7. ^С.В. Иванов(2001) (Russian). Войнаввоздухе. 43. ООО"АРС". ""РаньшечемначалисьиспытательныестрельбыультраШКАСа,дваинженера,СавиниНоров,представилив1935г. наиспытанияещеодинавиационныйпулеметСНскорострельностью2800-3000выстреловвминуту. В1936г. пулеметуспешнопрошелстрельбовыеиспытания,ав1937г. былрекомендованксерийномупроизводству. ПулеметамиСНнемедленновооружилиистребителиИ-16;И-16спулеметамиСНполучилиобозначениетип19,несмотрянато,чтокромевооружениясамолетничемнеотличалсяотИ-16тип10. ПулеметамиСНзамениликрыльевыеШКАСы,синхронныепулеметыосталисьпрежними-ШКАСы. Вначале1939г. заводNo.21изготовилтриИ-16тип19 (заводскиеномера192111, 19212и19213). С17по26мартасамолетыиспытывалзаводскойлетчик-испытательТомасСузи. Порезультатамиспытанийбылорекомендованопостроитьпартиютакихсамолетов. Номассовоепроизводствопосчиталинецелесообразным. ПодобозначениемИ-16СНистребителипередаливВВС. Весной1939г. навооружениеВВСРККАбылпринятавиационныйпулеметультраШКАС. Истребители,вооруженныеультраШКАСАмииСН,принялиучастиеввойнесФинляндиейзимой1939-1940г.г."" 
  8. ^МасловМ. А. (2008) (Russian). Яуза/Коллекция/ЭКСМО. pp. 144–145. ISBN 978-5-699-25660-0. 
  9. ^МасловМ. А. (2008) (Russian). Яуза/Коллекция/ЭКСМО. p. 76. ISBN 978-5-699-25660-0. 
  10. ^ Peat. Pages 219 to 224.

References

  • Green, William and Gordon Swanborough. The Great Book of Fighters. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI Publishing, 2001. ISBN 0-7603-1194-3.
  • Liss, Witold. The Polikarpov I-16 (Aircraft in Profile Number 122). Leatherhead, Surrey, UK: Profile publications Ltd., 1966.
  • Peat, Neville (2005). Hurricane Tim: The Story of Sir Tim Wallis (Hardback). Dunedin: Longarce Press. ISBN 1-877361-17-8. 
  • Shavrov V.B. Istoriia konstruktskii samoletov v SSSR do 1,938 g. (3 izd.) (in Russian). Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 1985. ISBN 5-217-03112-3.

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