The Naval General Staff
The Naval General Staff (ぐんれいぶ) is a central unification organization of the Japanese Navy (I perform it in cooperation with the Department of the Navy). The Naval General Staff is under the direct control of the Emperor whereas the Department of the Navy is in charge of military administration, personnel affairs in subordination to the cabinet and, from the viewpoint that 輔翼 (ほよく) performs of the supreme command, unifies a strategy, conduct of the whole navy.
Table of contents
Summary
As for the thing as the head, an admiral or vice-admiralty is appointed by the Emperor who is a military command director (later the Naval General Staff president). In addition, the vice-chief assists the president. This two official is a member of the Imperial conference.
The Naval General Staff mainly applies strategy drafting, the science of war. In addition, a combined fleet commander in chief performs naval conduct, development in the wartime, but the Naval General Staff draws up the strategy target.
Because setting was original, and the government upper echelon respected the army, it was originally decided that the staff officer president who was a Director General of the General Staff Office which should be a military command engine of the army took responsibility for the strategy science of war of the empire entire army for the Emperor based on the Imperial Headquarters regulations in the Imperial Headquarters in the wartime. In contrast, I continued requiring the position where was equal with the army in the navy throughout. And, just before Russo-Japanese War, he changed the navy Naval General Staff regulations from Gonbee Yamamoto Minister of the Navy, and the Emperor Meiji who received (i.e., want to make the General Staff Office of army and navy equal) and a report to the Throne that wanted to make a name "General Staff Office" gave it an order for consulting with the Supreme Military Council about this matter (1903) on September 12 in 1903. However, the Supreme Military Council did not accept this report to the Throne, and the Emperor Meiji pressed General Aritomo Yamagata genl. for reconsideration through the Sanetsune Tokudaiji Grand Chamberlain on October 21. The army compromised, and the Imperial Headquarters regulations were revised in the wartime after all (however, the changing name of the Naval General Staff was not accepted). The navy military command director will in this way take responsibility in strategy science of war by the viewpoint that is equal with President staff officer. Furthermore, positioning of the Naval General Staff was strengthened at the age of a king Hiroyasu Fushiminomiya military command director, and naval independency was raised more.
However, the army was predominantly bigger systematically, and the navy was always next door to absorption to the army. Actually, pressure was hung to let the navy confess it in order to avoid the Japan-U.S. outbreak of war at the age of Prime Minister Imperial Guardsman saying "I cannot beat U.S. Navy" and has fallen into the situation that the naval significance of existence was asked. The Department of the Navy which racked its brains about this advertised it flourishingly saying "the navy is unrivaled" and was going to keep the naval significance of existence, but the Naval General Staff was at a loss in this [explanatory note 1].
In addition, when Shigetaro Shimada Minister of the Navy held an additional post of the Naval General Staff president for a life of Prime Minister Tojiyo during the Pacific War (Greater East Asia War) to plan concentration of the power, big repulsion got up in the navy inside, and unification plan was often taken for force reinforcement by the army, but blocked unification on a shield with the supreme command. It is pointed out that the end of the war work might become more difficult in the navy reflection society if I cannot secure naval independence.
I was often dragged in the strategy instruction in the combined fleet headquarters and might be made fun with "combined fleet headquarters Tokyo branch office".
The testimony of members who did it including Sadamu Sanagi in charge of a strategy with one section of part at the time of the outbreak of war is left for the navy reflection society from the outbreak of war of the Pacific War (Greater East Asia War) by Pearl Harbor attack, the Malaysia offing sea fight to defeat about the inside facts and reflection point that it is.
History
- A military department installs it by Department of the Navy third class 21st (1884) as an extra-ministerial committee organization of the Department of the Navy in February in 1884
- A General Staff Office navy part was set up (1886) in March in 1886 by General Staff Office regulations revision, and military administration and a military command were separated.
- It becomes the navy General Staff Office (1888) in May in 1888.
- It becomes the navy staff section (1889) in March in 1889 and becomes the jurisdiction bottom of the Department of the Navy again.
- The jurisdiction of the military command independently separates it from the Department of the Navy, and I am moved (1893) in the navy staff section in May in 1893 by Imperial ordinance 36th Department of the Navy government organization revision.
- The navy Naval General Staff is set up (1893) in May in 1893 by the Imperial ordinance 37th navy Naval General Staff regulations. It becomes equal with General Staff Office of the army as a military command organization only for a time of peace.
- It becomes equal with General Staff Office of the army by December Imperial ordinance 293rd wartime Imperial Headquarters regulations revision (1903) as a military command organization in the wartime for 1,903 years.
- "Navy" of the crown becomes the loser Naval General Staff by a military command sea fifth Naval General Staff law (1933) in October in 1933, and it is the Naval General Staff president from Director navy military command.
- It is abolished (1945) on October 15 in 1945 by military command sea eighth.
Organization
Navy Naval General Staff era
The organizations at the time of the navy Naval General Staff start of May were as follows (1893) for 1,893 years [1].
- Navy military command director (a general or lieutenant general)
- Two adjutants (captain)
- The first station (I share dispatch of troops, strategy, plan, fleet of the coast defense, organization of the armed forces and naval port, 部事 about the matter about the important port.as for the chief of the bureau as for the colonel, the official two majors, captain four.)
- The second station (I share 部事 about the matter about monitoring, information gathering of the education training and the editing.as for the chief of the bureau as for the colonel, the official as major nobody, captain three, the staff who is not an official or very much engineer nobody [explanatory note 3], 海軍編修 nobody, 海軍編修書記 five.)
- Entering a service officer (or a captain was able to employ four captains again temporarily.)
- 公使館附将校 (a captain or eight captains)
- Navy library control (captain)
- Three clerks, machine operator one.
Showa era
- Adjutant part
- Part 1 strategy charge
Lesson 1 (strategy, formation) Lesson 2 (education, practice)
- Part 2 armaments charge
Lesson 3 (armaments, weapon) Lesson 4 (dispatch, mobilization)
- Part 3 information charge
Lesson 5 (U.S. continent information) Lesson 6 (Chinese information) Lesson 7 (ソ Europe information) Lesson 8 (British Europe information)
- Part 4 communication charge
Lesson 9 (communication plan) Lesson 10 (code)
- Department of temporary history of a war, special duty group
Each generation Naval General Staff president
The head of the navy Naval General Staff is as follows
| 代 | The name | At the time of the assumption of office Rank | Native place | Sailor, sea size Graduateship | The assumption of office | Remarks | The vice-chief |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kagenori Nire | Rear admiral | Kagoshima | It is March 16 (1886) for 1,886 years | From navy military command director General Staff Office vice-minister, Furthermore, I am renamed to the director of General Staff Office navy. | ||
| 2 | Toshiyoshi Ito | Rear admiral | Kyoto | It is March 8 (1889) for 1,889 years | I am renamed to Director navy staff officer. | ||
| 3 | Shinanojo Arichi | Rear admiral | Yamaguchi | It is May 17 (1889) for 1,889 years | |||
| 4 | Yoshika Inoue | Rear admiral | Kagoshima | It is June 17 (1891) for 1,891 years | |||
| 5 | Kuranosuke Nakamuta | Vice-admiralty | Saga | It is December 12 (1892) for 1,892 years | I am renamed to navy military command director. | ||
| 6 | Sukenori Kabayama | Vice-admiralty | Kagoshima | It is July 17 (1894) for 1,894 years | |||
| 7 | Sukeyuki Ito | Vice-admiralty | Kagoshima | It is May 11 (1895) for 1,895 years | Yoriyuki Morooka Goro Ijuuin Hikonojo Kamimura Shigetoo Dewa Goro Ijuuin | ||
| 8 | Heihachiro Togo | Admiral | Kagoshima | It is December 20 (1905) for 1,905 years | Goro Ijuuin Sotaro Misu | ||
| 9 | Goro Ijuuin | Vice-admiralty | Kagoshima | Sailor five quarters | It is December 1 (1909) for 1,909 years | Kakuichi Fujii | |
| 10 | Hayao Shimamura | Vice-admiralty | Kochi | Sailor seven quarters | It is April 22 (1914) for 1,914 years | Gentaro Yamashita Tetsutaro Sato Tanin Yamaya Isamu Takeshita | |
| 11 | Gentaro Yamashita | Admiral | Yamagata | Sailor ten quarters | It is October 1 (1920) for 1,920 years | Kiyokazu Abo Kanji Kato Saburo Horiuchi Shichigoro Saito | |
| 12 | Kantaro Suzuki | Admiral | Chiba | Sailor ten quarters Sea size one quarter | It is April 15 (1925) for 1,925 years | Shichigoro Saito Yoshisaburo Nomura Nobumasa Suetsugu | |
| 13 | Kanji Kato | Admiral | Fukui | Sailor 18 quarters | It is January 22 (1929) for 1,929 years | Nobumasa Suetsugu | |
| 14 | Naomi Taniguchi | Admiral | Hiroshima | Sailor 19 quarters Sea size three quarters | It is June 11 (1930) for 1,930 years | Osami Nagano Gengo Momotake | |
| 15 | King Hiroyasu Fushiminomiya | Admiral | The royalty | Sailor 16 quarters | It is February 2 (1932) for 1,932 years | I am renamed to the Naval General Staff president. | Sankichi Takahashi Takayoshi Kato Shigetaro Shimada Mineichi Koga Nobutake Kondo |
| 16 | Osami Nagano | Admiral | Kochi | Sailor 28 quarters Sea size eight quarters | It is April 9 (1941) for 1,941 years | Nobutake Kondo Seiichi Ito | |
| 17 | Shigetaro Shimada | Admiral | Tokyo | Sailor 32 quarters Sea size 13 quarters | It is February 21 (1944) for 1,944 years | 243, Tsukahara | |
| 18 | Koshiro Oikawa | Admiral | Iwate | Sailor 31 quarters Sea size 13 quarters | It is August 2 (1944) for 1,944 years | 243, Tsukahara Jisaburo Ozawa | |
| 19 | Soemu Toyoda | Admiral | Oita | Sailor 33 quarters Sea size 15 quarters | It is May 29 (1945) for 1,945 years | Takijiro Onishi |
Destruction by fire of the history of a war document
Toshihiko Shimada of the department of Naval General Staff history of a war duty is ordered the destruction by fire of secret documents (1945) in the new Grand Hotel of the shore of Lake Yamanaka of the evacuation (current Yamanakako-mura, Minamitsuru-gun, Yamanashi) in August in 1945 and writes that I leave some Japan-China relations documents and burnt all up. The order was given by a Minister of the Navy, and the director of department of history of a war at the time was 長井純隆大佐 [2].
Allied item
Footnote
Explanatory note
- The Japanese Navy at the time had effect of the navy disarmament conference to cross on twice so that there was it saying "it was insufficient to attack it, but is enough to protect it", and ^ was positioning to exist to keep a deterrent.
- ^ 機関少監 is a Director General on 機技部, and a major is considerable.
- A ^ size engineer is an officer of 機技部, and a captain is considerable.
Source
References
- The Minoru Toyota "navy Naval General Staff"
- (Kodansha, 1987) ISBN 4-06-203155-8
- (Kodansha library, 1993) ISBN 4-06-185556-5
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia The Naval General Staff
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