2017년 4월 9일 일요일

Toriumi mountaineering asceticism

Toriumi mountaineering asceticism

Sacred mountain Mount Chokai

The mountaineering asceticism that the Toriumi mountaineering asceticism (ちょうかいしゅげん) was carried out in the Mount Chokai which extended over Yamagata and Akita. In the Mount Chokai considered to be God itself from the ancient times, mountaineering asceticism developed every starting point of a mountain climb.

Table of contents

Commentary

I comment on Toriumi mountaineering asceticism while throwing in the summary of the mountaineering asceticism as follows (the mountaineering asceticism is reference).

It is said that Ozunu Enno (with Giyoja Enno) founded the mountaineering asceticism. According to "history of Mount Chokai faith" [1], Ozunu Enno admitted that God existed on a quiet clean place, a more magnificent mountain and did there with the ground of ascetic practices.

Manners of the mountaineering asceticism include 順峯 and 逆峯, but say ascetic practices to enter large Mineyama at the Mt. Kumano (Wakayama), and to appear to Yoshinoyama (Nara) with 順峯. Conversely, I say ascetic practices to enter large Mineyama at Yoshinoyama, and to appear to the Mt. Kumano with 逆峯.

In addition, I state that there are following two groups for mountaineering asceticism with "history of Mount Chokai faith" [1].

In the case of Mount Chokai, a denomination and loyalty and treason of 入峯 do not necessarily accord with the above. Because I call a front entrance, a starting point of a mountain climb that I opened late early to some extent with a back entrance in a starting point of a mountain climb that opened out, and 逆峯 and the example which I did are seen in Dewa Sanzan from a geographical reason with "Dewa Sanzan and mountaineering asceticism Ansho Togawa collected writings I" [2] in 順峯, 入峯 from the back entrance in 入峯 from the front entrance, 順峯 and 逆峯 state even Mount Chokai that it might be called likewise. In addition, with "history of Mount Chokai" [3], I introduce the opinion which calls 順峯, autumn ascetic practices 逆峯 by the spring ascetic practices in "Yajima historical story".

The Mount Chokai was considered to be a crowd of God from ancient times, but when the manifestation of the prime noumenon was brought by mixture of Buddhism and Shintoism thought, it was said that Toriumi Yamadai honorific title of a Japanese god appeared from a premise that it was and relieved the people, and, in the Mount Chokai, it was big game mourning God that The Buddha of Healing (the Physician of Souls) was enshrined in the Japanese Mount Chokai in the place of ascetic practices to sit of God, and mountaineering ascetics came to gather in the main starting points of a mountain climb such as Yajima, Kotaki, Fukura, 蕨岡. According to "Dewa Sanzan and mountaineering asceticism Ansho Togawa collected writings I" [2], it was said to the fief that the Physician of Souls, the manifestation of the prime noumenon were Princess Toyotama lives.

When Jinguji was put in Fukura at one base of the Toriumi mountaineering asceticism and time when it was, with "Yamagata prefectural history complete history Vol. 1 beginning, ancient times, Middle Ages edition" [4], 蕨岡 supposes it with [5] and supposes it when the mountaineering asceticism of the Yajima area has a considerably old history with "history of Mount Chokai" [3] than Fukura, 蕨岡, but I make it a mandala of peaks, and I am short of historical materials, and 入峰方式 is unknown how long a mountaineering ascetic settled down in established process and each starting point of a mountain climb. The mountaineering ascetic of each starting point of a mountain climb deepened opposition from circumstances before long.

With "history of Mount Chokai faith" [1], I introduce another view of "the Akumi-gun magazine" about each starting point of a mountain climb. Fukura is dedicated to big game mourning God and, according to it, puts weight in the front area of a Shinto shrine and says that 蕨岡 serves Yamagami as a schoolmaster batman of the Toriumi Yamadai honorific title of a Japanese god directly, and enjoyment did the control of the entire temple and introduces this article in the ibidem when true. In addition, the Mount Chokai development management of last place to reach was performed by Yajima, Kotaki, the mountaineering ascetic of the starting point of a mountain climb of three of 蕨岡, and, judging from the documents such as billboards announcing a framework-raising ceremony, the mountaineering asceticism of Fukura relied on 鳥海山登拝修行道者 by a tradition in Jinryo; state that is considered to have demanded an income only from incantations and prayers of the front garden of a shrine (両所宮, Jinguji) exclusively.

Because the mountaineering asceticism is divided into Motoyama group and the Shingon Buddhism pro-this temple group of the Tendai sect system and deepened opposition according to "history of Mount Chokai" [3], the Edo Shogunate establishes a mountaineering asceticism ban in (1613) for Keicho era 18 years and tried control, but says that I tried control to have to belong to either Motoyama group and this temple group because I failed. Furthermore, according to "Dewa Sanzan and mountaineering asceticism Ansho Togawa collected writings I" [2], the Shogunate proclaimed a religion policy to assume Tendai sect the religious first place in (1614) for Keicho era 19 years.

With "history of Mount Chokai" [3], to keep independence in Haguroyama in correspondence with the establishment of the mountaineering asceticism ban; all pile Tendai sect としたに vs. do it, and state that was yet divided into a Motoyama group and this temple group by the relations that each starting point of a mountain climb differs with a system in the Mount Chokai, and developed. Furthermore, in the ibidem, I nominate "嶺境論争" where the fight between mountaineering ascetics rolled up Yajima feudal clan and Shonai feudal clan in as a thing indicating the situation in the Edo era for an example. In other words, "嶺境論争" is not the problem of the fight for simple mountain and each considers the system and establishment because I insisted on the historic situation that differed when I let a fight intensify.

Because the new government promulgated gods and Buddha separation law (1868) in 1868, and a mountaineering asceticism ban was given in (1872) in 1872, the figure of the mountaineering ascetic disappeared from the Mount Chokai and was not seen at all now. Because first century or more pass from collapse of the Toriumi mountaineering asceticism with "Dewa Sanzan and mountaineering asceticism Ansho Togawa collected writings I" [2], and the mountaineering ascetic of the survivor disappears, and the document was scattered and lost, I do it when the research of the Toriumi mountaineering asceticism is full of difficulty.

Base of the Toriumi mountaineering asceticism

  • Fukura Exit
The present location: Yuza-machi, Akumi-gun, Yamagata company name: Mount Chokai big game mourning Shinto shrine batman: 神宮寺入峯: 順峯
With northing of Dewa Kokufu, Tsukiyama God and big game mourning God were considered to be it Kanjiyo in Akumi-gun, and Jinguji was established before long. This Jinguji is said to be the creation of the Fukura Exit, and it is said that there were faithful 25 Bo and three Shake according to "the Akumi-gun magazine". It was Tendai sect formerly, but it is the Shingon Buddhism after when, and, according to "the exchange bill of Meiryaku era first year (1655) when I exchanged it when "the debate about the excellent cow mark" with 蕨岡 happened," Haguroyama says to Tendai sect that I did a religion substitute (1650) for go-between three years when a pile did a religion substitute in Tendai sect all together. I do not do it clearly, but, in Fukura, it is after north and south morning service charges in Haguroyama subordinate temple, and it was in Tendai sect (1650) in total in the main hall of a temple for go-between three years, but, according to "Dewa Sanzan and mountaineering asceticism Ansho Togawa collected writings I" [2], says to the subordinate temple of the protection House [6] that it is and took place of the Shingon Buddhism in the Hoei era year. In addition, a mountaineering asceticism color is lighter than 蕨岡, and, according to the ibidem, Fukura that I left as a court-built temple says that weight was put for the service in front of the company. Therefore, the mountaineering ascetic of other starting points of a mountain climb did 入峯 to the Mount Chokai, and the mountaineering ascetic of Fukura did 入峯 to Haguroyama whereas I was able to succeed in life and received the letter of appointment.
  • Okaguchi, Warabi
The present location: Yuza-machi, Akumi-gun, Yamagata company name: Mount Chokai big game mourning Shinto shrine batman: 龍頭寺入峯: 順峯
It was unknown at the time when a mountaineering ascetic entered in 蕨岡, but it absorbed mountaineering asceticism 2 Bo of the Sugisawa village which had the key to temple dedicated to the Physician of Souls (the mountaintop head office of the current Mount Chokai big game mourning Shinto shrine) at the mountaintop, and it was big power to lead 33 Bo (or 32 Bo) in the Edo era. According to "the exchange bill of (1655)," I say that it was the Shingon Buddhism than the cause in the Meiryaku era first year when I exchanged it when "the debate about the excellent cow mark" with Fukura happened. If it was the Shingon Buddhism, I would say 吉野派逆峯, but called myself 順峯 in Mount Chokai. According to "the exchange bill of (1655)," all pile attended at 上野萬部御経 [7] which Tendai sect-type, was performed in (1651) for go-between four years by Tendai sect and a direction of the Haguroyama main hall of a temple where it was in the Meiryaku era first year, but were less converted than the Shingon Buddhism. It is 蕨岡 which was Haguroyama subordinate temple, but, according to "Dewa Sanzan and mountaineering asceticism Ansho Togawa collected writings I" [2], I leave Haguroyama in (1684) in the Jokyo first year and become the subordinate temple of the House of Daigo three treasures in this way.
  • Small Takiguchi
The present location: Nikaho-shi, Akita company name: Mitake Shrine batman: 龍山寺入峯: 順峯
I led 9 Bo in the middle of Edo era. I suppose it from the contents of the document to dragon Yamadera dated July 5 with "history of Mount Chokai faith" [1] (1688) for Jokyo five years when it was the Shingon Buddhism of the House of three treasures subordinate temple. In addition, I state that the development management of the Mount Chokai was carried out with 蕨岡, Yajima, three shares of Kotaki in the ibidem.
  • Takizawa Exit
The present location: Yuri-Honjo-shi, Akita company name: Moriko big game mourning Shinto shrine batman: 龍洞寺入峯: 逆峯
In Keicho, I caused Yajima mouth and a fight about 当山派逆峯系統, but 蕨岡 knows that I had a fight between both from the contents of the started letter again (1701) from the House of three treasures on August 16 for Genroku era 14 years. The trace of the dragon sinus temple is not accepted by local history of Takizawa, but supposes this reason now when this may be because it is defeated by a fight with Yajima with "history of Mount Chokai" [3], and it lost a situation.
  • Yajima mouth
The present location: Yuri-Honjo-shi, Akita company name: A tree boundary big game mourning Shinto shrine batman: 福王寺入峯: 逆峯
When the Yajima Kuchiyama way was reclaimed from "Toriumi Yamadai honorific title of a Japanese god omen" and the description of "the founder Shinto shrine omen" to reach the founder of Yajimacho, Yuri-Honjo-shi Shinto shrine to reach the Yajima mountaineering ascetic with "history of Mount Chokai" [3] by Mamoru Hira and brothers of 多良衛 who came from the Mino country for (850 years) for annual function of the Edo shogunate three years, I consider it. I state that Yajima is 逆峯真言系 since the founder by "a lifting up remarking paper" opened from Yajima to 蕨岡 (1678) on September 12 for Enpo era six years and say that Saint treasure opened an open group for (870 years) for Jogan 12 years. I led 18 Bo in the middle of Edo era. Because Yajima that it was the faithful of the Takizawa reverse chief of a temple in the billboard announcing a framework-raising ceremony of (1618) for Genna four years is listed in the billboard announcing a framework-raising ceremony of (1682) above Takizawa for Tenna two years when I compare mention of the billboard announcing a framework-raising ceremony put in Mido at the Mount Chokai mountaintop with "Dewa Sanzan and mountaineering asceticism Ansho Togawa collected writings I" [2], I state that a situation of Yajima and Takizawa in 逆峯方 reversed at this time. When a rebuilding talk of mountaintop Mido appears to Yajima getting on force in (1701) for Genroku era 14 years, I challenge thought, 蕨岡 to "the debate of the Mido payment for another" to hold the control of Yamagami by performing this by an own effort, but am defeated. Furthermore, a figure loses the case by decision of the Edo Shogunate in form to appeal, and to be given by a farmer in possessing it "only in 嶺境論争" to 蕨岡.
  • In-hospital mouth
The present location: Nikaho-shi, Akita company name: Seven high Shinto shrine batmans: Gokurakuji
When it was a mountaineering ascetic, I suppose a religion with "history of Mount Chokai" [3], but consider it because I state that it is the subordinate of the Mt. Koya-san feeling south House [8] in "差上申一札之事" which I addressed to 仁賀保大和守 of July (1689) for Genroku era two years when a system was different from the Yajima mouth. It is informed that Gokurakuji of the batman became outdated in the early modern times.

Footnote

[Help]
  1. From meeting July, 1984 of the ^ a b c d Ryoichi Matsumoto "history of Mount Chokai faith" book.
  2. From ^ a b c d e f g Ansho Togawa "Dewa Sanzan and mountaineering asceticism Ansho Togawa collected writings I" Iwata study February, 2005 Ltd.
  3. From ^ a b c d e f g Iwazo Anesaki "history of Mount Chokai" Japanese book publication society December, 1983 Co., Ltd.
  4. From ^ Yamagata "Yamagata prefectural history complete history Vol. 1 beginning, ancient times, Middle Ages edition" Yamagata March, 1979.
  5. Because Akumi-gun can confirm existence of Jinguji in an article of November 21 (885 years) in the ^ "Japan Sandai authentic record" Ninna first year, as for the setting, it past is supposed.
  6. It merged with Gokokuji in the ^ Meiji era.
  7. In one round mourning Buddhist memorial service of ^ Iemitsu Tokugawa, it was really performed in Mt. Nikko not Edo Ueno.
  8. 普門院 as of ^.

Allied item

References

  • 黒板勝美國史大系編修会編 "history of country outline Vol. 4 Japan Sandai authentic record" Hirofumi Yoshikawa building April, 1966 Co., Ltd.
  • It is Yamagata May, 1961 in Yamagata "Yamagata prefectural history document Vol. 5 fowl's breastbone"
  • Yamagata "Yamagata prefectural history document Vol. 6 fowl's breastbone bottom" Yamagata November, 1961
  • Yamagata "Yamagata prefectural history complete history Vol. 1 beginning, ancient times, Middle Ages edition" Yamagata March, 1979
  • Toru Anzai, Kensuke Hashimoto, Masami Abe "Yamagata native district study library Vol. 7 natural beauty spot Mount Chokai" Japanese book publication society November, 1982 Co., Ltd. (Yamagata native district meeting for the study 6, Showa annual reproduction)
  • Iwazo Anesaki "history of Mount Chokai" Japanese book publication society December, 1983 Co., Ltd.
  • Meeting July, 1984 of the Ryoichi Matsumoto "history of Mount Chokai faith" book
  • Business executive committee publishing division "Yamagata Agata Shrine" Yamagata Shrine agency April, 2000 of the 50th anniversary of the Yamagata Shrine agency
  • Ansho Togawa "Dewa Sanzan and mountaineering asceticism Ansho Togawa collected writings I" Iwata study February, 2005 Ltd.


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