Go problem

The go problem (a nail) is a problem to ask partial life and death of the Go. I cope with a shogi problem of the shogi.

Table of contents

Summary

A part (rarely all) and the match ("a white turn" "innocence" or "a black turn" "guilt") of the board side of the Go that a monochrome stone was put are shown and I have one's stone if I hit it how to grow and load it or can kill the stone of the partner or, in other words, think about life and death.

If I solve some go problem and learn a pattern, I come to be able to cope in a short time when form similar to the actual fighting occurs. In addition, it is indispensable to progress of the Go because it becomes the perfect training to feed the power of the reading. Therefore, a collection of issue of large number of go problems is commercially available.

In addition, the term go problem is used for the problem that the life and death affects. On the other hand, regardless of life and death, the problem planning local profit is said to be the issue of aptitude.

For example, the problem to kill a white stone as for the problem to make use of a black stone by a black turn "黒先活" (くろせんいき) called "black ahead white death" (くろせんしろし) (in the case of a white turn "do not make 白先活 (margin, go)" "white ahead black death (しろせんくろし)"). In addition, there is the problem to become Ko (one's stone can kill the stone of the / partner who can live only when it is said that I beat Ko), and, as for them, it is said that I exert the best procedure with "black ahead Ko" "white ahead Ko". There is the thing writing until a result (e.g., "guilt Ko") with the collection of problems of the go problem, but there is more that it is "black ahead", or "only white ahead" is shown. With the thing which a result is not written, I answer by a hand turning out best. For example, by a problem of the guilt, there is not it in a correct answer if there were a procedure named the white unconditional decease and the procedure that it is to Ko if I do not show a procedure of the unconditionality death.

The degree of difficulty of the go problem varies, and there is the difficult problem that a professional shogi player suffers from from the thing which comes loose in the beginners immediately for days. There are "the first grade and the problem with the indication of the go skill if it comes loose in three minutes".

Exercise

A problem to make use of one's stone in and a problem [¹] to spoil the stone of the partner. It is guilt together.

Problem 1:

Problem 2:

Answer

Answer 1:

1 is a vital part called "2-1" and cannot live even if I beat how when here is beaten against in white in 本問. The white cannot prevent that can do it a one eye on the left side that beat in black 1.3 (if black hits it against a, a one eye is apparent to being able to do it, and have it stolen even if white hit it here); collect it, and it is the vigor of two eyes in conjunction with the one eye which can make on the right side. After all black 2 gives life to beating to 3 with white 2.

Answer 2:

After 3, I cannot hit the innocence to a by ダメヅマリ (taken in a mass). If the white second move is 3, is black 2; after all white death (is missing, and become the eyes). In addition, it is failure (white becoming permanently free from danger) in white 1 black 3 white a when black beats to 2 in the start.

History

The go problem let life and death of the Go become independent, and existed as some shogi books for a long time. Above all, "玄玄碁経" (げんげんごきょう) established for the cause (1349) is famous. "Bureaucrats child music" (かんずふ) was made in the light times. I call a go problem "珍瓏" (ちんろう) in this time. In addition, I call ヨセ bureaucrats child in China. The word go problem was not used (because I do not use the word "that it is thought that probably the word of "the go problem" was made under the influence of "a shogi problem" in Japan and fills" the life and death of the Go with) in China, and the term "collection of matters of life and death" "collection of issue of offense and defense" "collection of issue of aptitude" "collection of bureaucrats child (ヨセ) problems" "collection of issue of arrangement" has been used.

In Japan, "a positive theory from the Go" was made in 1713 by 井上道節因碩. This was famous for a difficult thing, but was assumed the Inoues book not to be removed from the premises at the time of making. "I passed through the game of go, and a large number of people wonder" (I learn it today strange) was published in 1812 by Motomi Hayashi.

When it is modern times, an occupation shogi player comes to announce the go problem in a magazine, a newspaper continuously. There are Nobuaki Maeda, Utaro Hashimoto, Seigen Go, Katsuji Kada, Ikuo Ishigure, Akira Ishida, U Chou and others as a famous go problem writer. In addition, there are not many numbers, but the amateur writer (Megumi Tsukamoto one) plays an active part, too.

Go problem masterpiece top ten

An essay (I reprint it in "collection of God Nobuaki Maeda masterpieces 2 of the go problem") that Nobuaki Maeda published the go problem masterpiece top ten serially in "art of go and shogi" in 1972.

1. 玄玄碁経
2. 発陽論
3. Bureaucrats child music
4. 玄覧 (Intetsu Akaboshi)
5. I pass through the game of go, and a large number of people are strange
6. Life and death ingenious instrument of enlightenment (Shusai Honninbo)
7. Utaro Hashimoto
8. Sunao Sato
9. Katsuji Kada
10. The writer

となっている.

Other

"珍瓏" points at a problem using the whole of the board side now. The conditional problem "are these stones produced?" is accepted in "珍瓏", and there is the thing chasing an established stone in the continuation (mainly using シチョウ) of the hit. Noriyuki Nakayama announces many works.

Footnote

1. "Pass, and it is strange go a large number of people" ^; (Motomi Hayashi)

Allied item

• 玄玄碁経
• I pass through the game of go, and a large number of people are strange
• Bureaucrats child music
• Positive theory from the Go

References

Not only I enumerate it, but also the source, please specify whether it is the source of information of which description using footnotes. I would like cooperation for the reliability improvement of the article. (October, 2014)

Encyclopedias

• All two Chikun Chou "basics life and death encyclopedia" Japanese Go Society 1984-85 years
• "New easy-to-understand guide life and death small encyclopedia" Japanese Go Society 1993
• U Chou "basics life and death encyclopedia" Japanese Go Society 2014

• Kensaku Segoe "go problem dictionary" (revised edition) Japan trade publication 1971
• Toshikazu Sekiyama, Toshio "masterpiece go problem dictionary" truth sentence temple Shinko Corporation 1975 (revised edition 2010)
• Shoji Hashimoto "名作詰碁辞典玄玄碁経 and 発陽論" truth sentence temple Shinko Corporation 1976
• Masao Kato "life and death glossary of terms" truth sentence temple Shinko Corporation 1984
• 江場弘樹 "basics life and death dictionary" エフエー publication 1992

Anthology of the modern representative go problem writer

• It is Kodansha 1983 "Nobuaki Maeda" (go problem 1 of 1 million people)
• It is Kodansha 1983 "Utaro Hashimoto" (go problem 2 of 1 million people)
• "Seigen Go" (go problem 3 of 1 million people) Kodansha 1983
• It is Japanese Go Society 1971 (ゴ supermarket books 15) "Katsuji Kada go problem classroom"　
• "Ikuo Ishigure masterpiece go problem choice" 31 Publishing 1996
• Sunao Sato "go skill up refreshing go problem" truth sentence temple Shinko Corporation 1999
• "Collection of Hideyuki creation go problem masterpieces" Japanese Go Society 1980
• "Sakata gem go problem" truth sentence temple Shinko Corporation 1995
• "Repeated practice ~ (my Komi Go books) of the Akira Ishida go problem masterpiece choice ~ basics aptitude" 2007　
• "Choice go problem Japanese Go Society 2008 of U Chou"
• Keiichi Tsukamoto "strong man Mainichi Communications 2007 of the go problem that becomes strong just to read"

Primer

• "Hideyuki Fujisawa go problem classroom beginner's class" Yomiuri Shimbun 1980
• "Upper grade Yomiuri Shimbun 1980 out of the Hideyuki Fujisawa go problem classroom"
• "Maeda beginner's class go problem" Tokyo wound former company
• "Maeda intermediate go problem" Tokyo wound former company
• "Maeda upper grade go problem" Tokyo wound former company
• "Move <2 first intermediate 〉 first intermediate go problem Tsunogawa library of the Go next"
• "<5 exclusive upper grade 〉 upper grade go problem Tsunogawa library of the Go next"
• All ten "go problem Joey books" Japanese Go Society

Outside link

• Black-and-white room (Keiichi Tsukamoto)
• Of the go problem make; one (Megumi Tsukamoto one)
• The meeting which enjoys a go problem
• Basic life and death dictionary (江場弘樹)
• The advice of the go problem of three steps of Ayumu Suzuki

This item is an unfinished item in conjunction with the Go. I demand the cooperator who corrects it, and corrects this item (portal game).

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This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Go problem

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