Dog wheat

Dog wheat
Dog wheat
Classification（APG III）
界 : Plant kingdom Plantae There is no rank : Angiosperm angiosperms There is no rank : Single cotyledon monocots There is no rank : Spiderworts commelinids Eyes : Rice eyes Poales Course : Gramineae Poaceae The genus : Bromus japonicus genus Bromus Kind : Dog wheat B. catharticus
Scientific name
Bromus catharticus Vahl
Japanese name
Dog wheat

One of the gramineous weeds that the dog wheat was common. I soak a sharp elliptic spikelet of the tip where there are few Japanese pampas grasses. A green big spikelet is a mark.

Table of contents

Characteristic

Dog wheat (Bromus catharticus Vahl) is a plant of the monocotyledonous plant Gramineae Bromus japonicus genus. It is one of the things seen as an extremely common weed well in Japan, and a spikelet slightly greatly flat in that is easy to stand out.

I branch off at the root and grow a bunch, and the height reaches 40-100cm. The leaf is slim, and 4-10mm is approximately flat, and 15-30mm in length, the width are green. The base becomes the vagina of the folio a little. It grows thick in a gray head here at the lower part of the stem.

The tip of the stem produces a panicle in from May to August in flowering season. The stem seems that several and lengthens few branches from each and adds 1-4 spikelets to each. As a whole, the branch which I added a spikelet to extremely sparsely hangs down a little towards the tip.

The spikelet is flatness, 2-2.5cm in length in the sharp lancet arch of both ends. I include hairlessness, a 6-10 flower with green. Each glume has a sharp point, and there is an extremely short Japanese pampas grass, but is the impression that there is little macroscopically. The internal flower is a cleistogamic flower with the thing from Japan and bears fruit without opening.

Spikelet

Because the spikelet of this kind is relatively simple, and several florets of the about the same form that equalled two lines line up, and twin 包穎 of the base, 護穎 every floret resemble all closely, merely similar squama seems to be piled up. 第一包穎 is one size small, and there is really little number of leaf veins, too (in 第一包穎 in 3-5, 第二包穎 in 7-9, 護穎 approximately ten). Invisible, but the inner glume is approximately half of other glume from the outside.

Growth environment

It grows in the dry grassy place. Atmospheres of an appearance, height and the growth are similar to Agropyron tsukushiense well by the roadside.

Distribution

I am seen widely from Hokkaido to Kyushu. But Okinawa does not have it. The autochthonism is naturalized in Europe, North America in South America, the present. The invasion to Japan is the Meiji early year.

Interest

It is an extremely common weed. It grows when I leave even farming material.

Classification

The scientific name mentioned above is used in Japan, but Nagata is B. unioloides (Wild.) H. B. K. I state that you should use を. Because it is a thing naturalized in the world widely, and there are many approximate kinds at the place of origin, there seems to be confusion.

such as approximate kinds

The same sort has many cosmopolites to see by the roadside including the Bromus japonicus, but does not confuse it in what most have a spikelet of the slimmer form, and there may be a Japanese pampas grass having a long it again, and is outstanding. The thing which extremely resembles closely has ヤクナガイヌムギ (B. carinatus Hook. et Arn.). I may use the name of the awn dog wheat (B. sitchensis), but Nagata considers this to be false identification. In any case, this kind is extremely common in Japan. I am seen in the roadside, and, in grass tall all right, only this is a big spikelet, and a Japanese pampas grass is the thing which is easy to be accompanied by the distinction because there is hardly invisible one elsewhere.

References

• Takemasa Osada "gramineous plant picture book (enlarged edition) of Japan" ,(1993), (Heibonsha Publishers Ltd.)
• Yoshisuke Satake, Jisaburo Oi, Shiro Kitamura et al. "wild plant herb I monocotyledonous plant ,(1982), Heibonsha Publishers Ltd. of Japan"

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