Canon (music)

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Portal classical music

I point to the music of the style that plural voice parts start the same melody each in canon (canon) from a different point in time and play. It is one model of the polyphony. Generally, I am translated as a round, but a thing beginning by a different sound is included in the canon whereas 追唱 does a round-identical melody. In addition, rhythm doubles, and top and bottom or right and left (before and after of the time) include the special thing which became reverse. 追唱 did three voice parts-identical melody (with the voice part where the last is cut but to be over at the same time) and accompaniment was sent famous "canon (Pachelbel) of Pachelbel" with.

Table of contents

History

A canon style was used in a madrigal frequently for the Renaissance era, and many canon technique was born in this time. It is old and is called fugue, and "the mass by the fugue" of Josquin Deprez and Pare strike Lena and others is the work by the canon style. The canon to be copied from a melody closely is distinguished from the fugue which freedom is permitted in the melody except the subject definitely today.

Because music of the homophony became mainstream after the 18th century, such a technique becomes rarely used, but there is a lot of it when I am taken in as some music. With a part of 終楽章 of the symphony 41st of Mozart and the symphony ninth of Beethoven, there is the part that a canon was adopted effectively. In addition, the finale of the violin sonata of Frank approximately completely takes the appearance of the canon.

Because counterpoint came to be made much of in development such as the 12 sound music when the 20th century begins, I become often used again.

There is an equivalent 追複曲 (ついふくきょく), but is hardly used.

Kind of the canon

Pitch interval of voice part aspect each other

When I called myself "canon "canon ... of three times" of the twice" with the comma between voice parts, and each voice part began by the same sound when each voice part of the canon started the same melody by a different sound and showed it, I distinguished it from these and called it with "a canon of the unison", and Bach showed the canon of nine commas which reached the nine times from unison in Galt Berg variation.

Anti-line canon, backward movement canon

When it is revolved, an upper bottom calls this an anti-line canon with a melody 追唱 of the canon. In addition, 追唱 calls this a backward movement canon when right and left (before and after of the time) are reversed. The backward movement canon is called the crab line canon from the state that each melody misses each other from right and left.

Extended canon

When the rhythm of the melody becomes the integral multiple in 追唱 of the canon, I call this an extended canon. When rhythm doubles, music will be finished in the place where 追唱 sang to in the whole melody.

Multiplex canon

When two melodies are copied from by two 追唱, I call this "a double canon". Similarly, three melodies are called like "a fourfold canon" if "a triple canon" is four. Three folds of score written to the famous portrait of the figure which held out score of Bach is canons.

Mysterious canon

Not a name to hint at a specific style, it is the musical notation of the canon that hangs it for the baroque period from the Renaissance period, and was often used. A plainsong was written down to the score, and the sign that stood for an origin or pitch of 追唱 there was attached. The player supplements 追唱 according to the sign and will complete music. Similar musical notation may be used in a round today.

A person of composition and work of the canon

• Of invention second (BWV773), the music of the Johann Sebastian Bach -2 voice give it, and leave the canon of nine of canon of 10 of thing (BWV1079), Galt Berg variation (BWV988), many works by the canon technique including 14 canon (BWV1087).
• Canon (Canon in D) of Pachelbel - Pachelbel
• Do a Mozart - allele shop, preparations (you exist more than approximately 30 pieces of others)
• Congratulations in your thing, New Year in Beethoven - eternity (I exist more than approximately 50 pieces of others)
• Schubert - Sanctus (several pieces exist)
• Chopin - canon F minor (unfinished), low musical notation (only as for two pieces) of the canon of 3 voices
• Canon (ten pieces of others exist) of the Mendelssohn -2 voice
• Canon (disappearance) of the Berlioz -3 voice, 5 degrees free canon (only as for two pieces)
• Bruckner - today, close friend Klose in ガウゼ (only as for one piece)
• Canon (I exist more than approximately 30 pieces) of the Hindemith -4 voice

Allied item

• Round (public music)

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