Bril

In this item, I explain an American railroad, bus vehicle maker. Please see "Bril" (submarine) about the submarine of U.S. Navy.

Brill mark of the journal box lid
Brill-21E form cart of the Yokohama streetcar preservation building

Bril (J.G. Brill and Company) is a railroad carriage, the bus vehicle maker which there was ever in the United States of America.

It produced a vehicle, carts for streetcar, inter-Urban and put the head office, the factory in Pennsylvania Philadelphia mainly.

Table of contents

History

In 1868, it is founded as a passenger car maker for the horse tramway by Jon George Bril (John George Brill). I purchased several railroad carriage makers in the 1900s and extended a business scale and grew up in the company the America's biggest for a streetcar vehicle and a train maker for inter-Urban. I found a factory in Paris in 1912 and step forward to the U.S. foreign territory.

The capital spending is necessary, but be superior to a technique of the die forging suitable for a mass production, and a change of the wheelbase including the "27MCB" series which continued being done keeps the characteristic of the die forging product to be easy alive, and a celebration meets a demand of the customer because of a bestseller in history record-breaking for ニ axis single cart and superior ride comfort as "21E" where it is, and a dead copy was born all over the world and high speed train (general railroad) business for a long time and is known by having supplied the affiliation cart of various dimensions, specifications to the world in large quantities. In addition, on the other hand, it develops the ニ step spring constant-type bolster spring mechanism that enabled the coexistence of the element to disagree with called increase of the load to call itself mechanism equivalent to current ボルスタアンカー called the trunnion and グラディエート spring-resistant and the improvement of the ride comfort and the wobble prevention mechanism of the shaking pillow carrying an opponent out of the ring link which calls itself a ball hanger, and it is known to performance and improvement of the ride comfort even to have been eager.

I was purchased in 1926 by American car fund Lee (en:American Car and Foundry Company), but continued producing a railroad carriage, buses in the name of J.G. Bril sequentially. However, because the demand for railroad carriage decreased, the number of the production decreased, and the factory of each place was closed sequentially after the 1930s by progress of the motorization, too. Production released streamlined streetcar vehicle "Bril liner" (Brilliner) similar to the PCC car delivered to each place in the United States in those days in the same age middle originally, but the order finished the production of a railroad carriage, the streetcar vehicle in comparison with a PCC car in 1941 without showing it and discontinued my business in 1944.

New company "American car fund Lee = Bril" (American Car and Foundry Company-Brill, ACF-Brill) was established after a business closing immediately and continued producing buses, but a factory of Philadelphia was closed in 1954, and the company became extinct.

The vehicle which produced by a business closing from the establishment of a business of approximately 45,000 (including the bus).

Chronological table

• 1868 - establishment of a business.
• I bribe American Carr (en:American Car Company) whom there was in Missouri St. Louis in 1902.
• I purchase John Stevenson (en:John Stevenson Company) whom there was to cool man car which there was in Ohio Cleveland in 1904 and New Jersey Elizabeth.
• I purchase ワースン which was in Massachusetts Springfield in 1906.
• I purchase the Dan Building Carr in accord with Illinois Dan Building in 1908.
• I found a factory in Paris in 1912.
• I am purchased in 1926 by American car fund Lee.
• I finish the production of the railroad carriage in 1941.
• 1944 company extinction. I establish American car fund Lee = Bril.
• Car fund Lee = Bril extinction American for 1,954 years.

Main product

Railroad carriage

• The streetcar vehicle which is available for a change of the Bril convertible car (Brill Convertible Car) - sealing up form, opening form
• Bril cicada convertible car (Brill Semi-Convertible Car)
• Bril Highway conjunction car (Brill High-speed Articulated Cars) - conjunction car
• Vehicle of the bullet shape using the Bril Brett (Brill Bullet) - curved surface glass
• Streetcar vehicle of the Bril liner (Brilliner) - streamline

Bus

• C-36 - public route bus use
• Bus use between IC-41 - cities
• Twin coach (Twin Coach)

Export to Japan

From the early 1900s through about 1930, I perform much export to Japan. The example which I exported to Japan as a finished product of the railroad carriages is only Kyushu railroad Bril passenger car (a popular name "a certain train"), but, as for the cart, "76E" "77E" for the streetcar bogie delivers "27MCB" for the electric railroad vehicle to a private railroad of each place of the whole country and the government streetcar company "21E" for the streetcar motorcycle. The train at the time of the opening of business of the Kyoto electric railroad which was a train for the first Japanese business used cart (21B) made of Bril mainly.

There is a used thing in the cart made of Bril delivered for Japan now (2016) in 2016.

Railroad carriage

• Kyushu railroad Bril passenger car

Delivery only for carts

I write down the main form using the cart made of Bril below. Other than a license product by Japan Steel Works tied up in Japan, it was produced the copy article of the product made in Bril cart by the maker companies in Japan including Sumitomo Metal Industries and Nippon Sharyo, Ltd. without permission a lot, and, in 76E, 77E for the streetcar, the production of the copy article continued in a thing until the Pacific War.

21E

ニ axis single cart。 (photograph) [¹]

• Sapporo-shi Traffic Bureau 40 form train
• Sapporo-shi Traffic Bureau 100 form train
• Tokyo streetcar 400 form train
• Hakodate-shi Traffic Bureau 10 form train 1-25 crest of an ume flowers ironworks car
• Hakodate-shi Traffic Bureau 30 form train 39: I am used regularly as of (2016) in 2016
• Kyoto streetcar narrow gauge 1 form train
• Kyoto streetcar broad gauge 1 form train
• Osaka streetcar 11 form train

22E

Make the ニ axis bogey cart that is the first among Bril Corporation; and the first maximum traction cart. It is kind of the bolus Thales cart which does not have a heart plate. (photograph) [²]

• Kyoto Tsu Electric orbit 1 form train
• Osaka streetcar 501 form train

27G

An axis spring type 2 axis bogey cart belonging to the balance spring which locates a stack leaf spring parallel to a track, and supports a pillow beam and the heart plate which did it. I possessed a cart limit made of cast steel, and only 27G-1 for Hanshin Electric Railway was imported into Japan.

27G-1

• Hanshin Electric Railway 1 form train

27GE

An axis spring type 2 axis bogey cart of the normal structure having a heart plate. In an improved model of 27G, I changed the cart frame to forging.

27GE-1 (photograph) [³]

• Wealth rock railroad local people 1 form electric locomotive
• South seas iron HEPCO 1 form train
• Hyogo Electric orbit 1 form train

27E

The twin bogey cart which was designed for high-speed trains as a higher model of 27GE. I abolished a balance spring of 27G/27GE origin and hung a beam arranged parallel to a track from a cart frame, and it was structure to pick up a bolster spring on this top, and to support a lower shaking pillow.

27E-1

• Keihan type 1 train
• Keihan 100 model train
• Minoh Arima Electric orbit 1 form train

27E-1 1/2

• South seas iron HEPCO 2 form train

27E-2

• South seas iron HEPCO 3 form train (railroad)
• Odawara electric railroad Tiki 1 form train

27MCB

 

Bril 27MCB-2 cart (for former Ina electric railroad デ 203) which Ueda Kotsu ED25 1 attaches.
There is remodeling with the electric locomotive conversion in later years to some extent, but a trunnion and the ball hanger mechanism that are the proof of the Bril Corporation pure article are left.

A balance beam type cart for the high-speed train designed according to a standard of Master Car-Builders Association. The model number MCB shows this, and the number of the suffix expresses the big things and small things of the wheel and axle dimensions in the ARA standard and comes to support large load so that a number is big. In addition, X referred to the end shows that even the model of the same number usually attaches large wheel and axles for load than the thing of the standard. In addition, each model of import or 1, 2, 2X, 4X produced under license was used in Japan.

27MCB-2

• Keihin electric railroad 51 form train
• Ina electric railroad デ 200 form train
• South seas electric 7 system train
• South seas 1201 form train

27MCB-4X

• Existence only for train use high-speed with a license product of new Keihan railroad P-6 form train - Japan Steel Works. Because I remodeled it into the brakes of both alettes type later, it was the specific appearance that jumped out outside brakes てこが cart frame.

39E

A maximum traction cart version of 27GE.

• Osaka streetcar 601 form train

39E-2

• Kobe streetcar 700 form train

76E

The twin bogey cart for the low floor car. With 77E and sisters model, a model number was sorted with difference in 主電動機装架位置. 76E was supplied for the route where short wheelbase was pursued in with the structure that 装架 made the main motor outside of two axles. (photograph) [⁴]

76E-1

• Tokyu デハ 1 form train

77E

The twin bogey cart for the low floor car equal to the sisters model of 76E. It became the structure that 装架 made the main motor between two wheels and was adopted in a large-scale streetcar and some high speed trains.

• Osaka streetcar 1001 form train
• Osaka streetcar 1701 form train
• South seas electric 3 form train (orbit)
• Kobe streetcar 500 form train

77E-1

• Kyoto streetcar 500 form train

79E

The twin single cart for the low floor car. It became the structure that could set up air braking easily.

• Yokohama streetcar 500 form train
• Osaka streetcar 701 form train

Footnote

1. ^ 21E "train machine appliance illustration" (National Diet Library digital collection)
2. ^ 22E "train machine appliance illustration" (National Diet Library digital collection)
3. ^ 27GE-1 "train machine appliance illustration" (National Diet Library digital collection)
4. ^ 76E "train machine appliance illustration" (National Diet Library digital collection)

References

• Friend company "railroad fan" July, 1962 issue (consecutive number of volumes 13)
• Ayumi Hakodate-shi Traffic Bureau 50 years magazine editing Committee 1957 of streetcar 50 years
• Streetcar 100 years Hakodate City Tram Department 2013 of Hakodate

This item is an unfinished item in conjunction with the companies. I demand the cooperator who corrects it, and corrects this item (Wiki project economy).

This item is an unfinished item in conjunction with the railroads. I demand the cooperator who corrects it, and corrects this item (P: railroad /PJ railroad).

It is acquired by "https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title= Bril &oldid=62914553"

This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Bril

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Wikipedia and Tranpedia does not guarantee the accuracy of this document. See our disclaimer for more information.

In addition, Tranpedia is simply not responsible for any show is only by translating the writings of foreign licenses that are compatible with CC-BY-SA license information.

Osaka Electric orbit Debot 1 form train

Osaka Electric orbit Debot 1 form, Debot 19 form train
Debot 1 form going Ikoma Tunnel that just started a business
Vehicle capacity	Debot 1 form: 100 (48 seats) Debot 19 form: 92 (40 seats)
Full length	14820 mm
Overall width	4,038mm
Overall height	2,590mm
Vehicle mass	23.3t
The main motor output	123.1kW *2
Gear ratio	2.11
Driving means	吊掛式
Remarks	A cart form: Baldwin 78-25A
About this table  This table displays it using a template. The way of the editing is Template: Please see a railroad carriage.

An Osaka Electric orbit Debot 1 form train (numerousness or Debot 1 がたでんしゃ which I work, and how about which does not appear) is the passenger train which Osaka electricity orbit (large gauge) which is a forerunner of major private railroad, Kintetsu (Kintetsu) produced at the time of the opening of business in 1914. It was succeeded in のち Kintetsu and became the Kintetsu モ 200 form.

An increase detailed car of the affiliation describes the Debot 19 form train admitted into Kintetsu モ 200 form later in this clause in the same way.

Table of contents

Summary

Tawaramoto Line at the time of Kintetsu モ 200 form モ 201 (Tawaramoto Line, Nishi-Tawaramoto Station February 4, 1962) is a route of the Nobutaka Ikoma Railway Corporation, and this photograph is the example of the vehicle rental from Kintetsu

When Osaka Electric orbit opened Uehommachi (existing Osaka-Uehommachi Station) - large gauge Nara (existing Kintetsu-Nara Station) interval (existing Kintetsu Nara Line) in 1914, these procedures are the 14m grade 3 door cars that 18 were made in total in Kishia Seizo company (Debot 1-15) and a crest of an ume flowers steel mill (Debot 16-18).

In addition, as for the Debot 19 form (Debot 19-28), ten cars were manufactured from an increase detailed car of the same shape in Kawasaki shipyard Hyogo factory (existing Kawasaki Heavy Industries) from 1920.

Body

I comprise the wooden body of the elegant design which took in a curved surface at double roof structure, one step of drop window everywhere.

The window placement was a seat all long seat in D(1)4(1)D5(1)D (door for the D: visitor, (1): shutter box window).

I did the front with a semicylinder shape in imitation of a train made in the United States of the same period and was a form to locate five pieces of windows on the circumference, but there was already a precedent by south seas railroads from about 1910, and this was a trend in the Kansai private railroad at the time. The body width did not leak out from the limitation of the building limit of Ikoma Tunnel to the custom of the wooden car with 2.4m grade narrowly, and a trass rod of the reinforcement was attached between the carts of the underframe.

In addition, a mine (トルペード) form ventilation device was attached to the dormer-window window part of both sides of the roof by three engines as a draft each at regular intervals.

Because there was combination orbit section in Nara-shi, the beginning of construction comprised a streetcar cowcatcher in the front lower part, but it is a car for exclusive use of the platform getting on and off, and the doorstep does not comprise it from a beginning. In addition, the title page for the visitor was hand-operated operation.

The beginning of production equipped a streetcar style with a headlight under a front window. I change the position to the これはのち driver's cab roof. In addition, the original current collector was a trolley pole, but this was made a pantograph in 1930, too. It is a screw type at first, and the connector is replaced with an automatic connector in last years of Taisho era.

The beginning of production was the grand appearance painted in a lacquer color, but becomes colored dark green of the standard color later. As for the interior decoration, a sculpture was put for a pillar and a handrail by the technique of the craftsman, and the cloth for light device and seat became the high-quality finish, too.

Major equipment

Main motor

The technical characteristic of this form maximum is equipped with an unprecedented high power motor for design those days.

In other words, it was common to be equipped with four main motors of the rating output 37kW (approximately 50HP) grade by the wooden train of the 15m grade from car 14m in length that the Kansai private railroad companies at the time constructed. In contrast, I equipped each car with GE-207E^[1] made in United States General Electric (GE) company more than rating output 120kW two as Etsu Ikoma えの steep grade measures with the large gauge.

It lasted more than ten years and continued maintaining the record until it was the main motor for the strongest train in Japan for a simple substance at the time, and this GE-207E surpassed the effectiveness output numerical value of the master of a lot of import, domestic production motor equipped with in a 16m grade train of railroad House → Ministry of Railways at the same period, and new Keihan railroad P-6A form was equipped with TOYO DENKI SEIZO K.K. TDK-527^A[2] four in 1927 and decorated the debut.

As a result, within it did it with run possibility between Uehommachi - Nara for one hour though it became the Ode rickshaw of the 300HP grade more than four motor cars of other companies while being two motor cars, and the continuation steep grade section of Ikoma Mountains existed on the way.

In addition, the driving means was about to hang it according to standard strategy at the time, and, as for the main motor, it was done 装架 in an expression by the second .3 axle.

Main controller

The controller was equipped with indirect non-MK electromagnetic switch-type controller made in automatic GE company in consideration of connection driving more at first. I in this way perform generalization control (plural vehicle remote control from top car) with possible specifications.

Brakes

The brakes were equipped with connection driving emergency direct brakes of the structure that they were the simplest for a possible thing.

Cart

A cart is the flat steel assembling balance beam type cart which import just began in in Japan at the time of in BW-78-25A made in American Baldwin Corporation. After all an axis spring type cart with forging cart frames such as product made in American Bril Corporation Brill 27G, 27E occupied the mainstream by the Japanese private railroad train, and the Brill 27MCB pro-introduction which was a high speed cart of the MCB standard conformity in Hanshin express or Hanshin to precede just began in those days. As for the introduction of the cart made of Baldwin, large gauge cut van by the Kansai private railroad, but, as for this, it is considered to have been the reason that the Baldwin A form cart comprised structure suitable for the brakes work constitution of both alettes expression that is advantageous to securing of braking force in the incline line for Brill 27MCB system optimized by a going on one-sidedly type shoe [³].

Because this Baldwin A form cart comprised superior performance by a rational design and production and repair were easy, I won a favorable reception and crossed the cart of afterward this system more than approximately 30 years until the 1940s and entered the mainstream of the cart for Japanese private railroad trains.

Large gauge type special outer ring

One of the characteristics to be common to a train of the Osaka Electric orbit includes a wheel of the unique structure to call itself a large gauge type special outer ring.

This was air brake common use in the Etsu Ikoma えの continuation descent steep grade section, and I ran a fever, and a tire part of the wheel [⁴] was adopted by the frictional heat with the shoe to prevent that a tire relaxed by thermal expansion and derailed it, and a derailment occurred.

Specifically, on the circumference of the junction of a tire and the rim to an equal interval of 12 places pierced it, and was structure to put a bolt through the front and back each after having attached a ring-formed presser bar from the table of the wheel, and to conclude with a nut, and in this way prevented tire relaxation at the time of the use of air brake in the continuation downslope section.

When this characteristic wheel is adopted on each vehicle as standard equipment through the Osaka Electric orbit era and builds the route leading the continuation steep grade section where 参宮急行電鉄 which, besides, is a subsidiary of the company includes 青山峠越 えを in, it is adopted to 2200 pro-wheels.

Operational

The high power two motor car by large gauge Nara Line ended only in Debot 1.19 form, and it was a standard one-based after the Debot 61 form who was an increase detailed car of the back [⁵] with four GE-240 system motors of the rating output 78.3kW (approximately 105HP) grade until the steel car times in the late 1920s. It was necessary to wait for the 600 system [⁶] of the design in 1935 so that a high power motor more than rating output 100kW was adopted by Nara Line vehicle again.

As for the Debot 1.19 form, use in the front line was performed while changing the form title from Debot to モ by large gauge → Kintetsu Nara Line until the 1940s and I did each other to a-type new steel car in a year and was allotted to express use. Debot 18 becomes the junk car in an accident at Tomio Station the other day in 1931. In addition, Debot 10 is damaged in an accident at Ishikiri Station in 1947 and is considered to be a kind car of ク 550 (the first generation) in the car family register.

Furthermore, in 1948, an express train for Uehommachi of three formation by モ 9.11.27 took charge in a downslope in Ikoma Tunnel by the trouble of brakes, and the same line car which lost stop means caused a catastrophe that rear-end collision, モ 9 was completely demolished to a preceding train [⁷] at Kawachi-Hanazono Station and started a lot of dead people [⁸]. It was a direct cause that a rubber brake pipe (a direct pipe: SAP pipe) became obsolete by postwar faulty maintenance for wartime, and this broke, but it might be said that it caused the worst situation called reckless driving, the collision that dangerous remodeling (an emergency brake operates the SME even if there is the break of the brake pipe if in a normal state) that I enfeoffed an emergency dialect function of the direct communication brakes (SME) with the emergency dialect as from lack of supplies in not only Kintetsu but also the companies for wartime was performed [⁹]. Kintetsu abolishes the SME which most of convention compact cars were equipped with taking advantage of this as much as possible and will push forward the shift to AMA automatic air brake using the safer A movement valve.

Main the Kashihara Line use that the Debot 1.19 form matched the progress of the deterioration, and was flat afterward and use by the rental to Nobutaka Ikoma electric railroad, Yamato railroad [¹⁰]. Still it was the longevity that was exceptional for the wooden construction train of the major private railroad that I crossed it to all car junk cars of 1964 for (by initial car 50 years) more than 40 years, and the majority of 25 remained [¹¹].

I buried the missing number with the accident junk car, and it was done モ 200 form 201-225 and 改番 the other day in 1950 by form title rearranging by integrating Debot 1.19 form with 1 form.

Preservation car

Old Debot 14 (モ 212)
In 五位堂検修車庫

Old Debot 14 who kept a model most (モ 212) murdered Kintetsu as Debot 1 on restoration [¹²] in the model in the collection of poles electric times in Kintetsu Tamagawa factory and, after a junk car of 1964, was saved in a pond amusement park.

However, because the amusement park was closed on June 6, 2004, the car is sent by land on June 3, 2005 to 五位堂検修車庫 and is kept now in the garage [¹³]. In doing so, the destination indication curtain of a previous center of the forehead or the window of the right-side end is restored, and a cart and a floor loom device are repainted in black by light gray.

Footnote

[Help]

1. ^ terminal voltage 600V time rating output 123kW (approximately 155HP) /660rpm.
2. ^ terminal voltage 750V time rating output 149kW (≒ 200HP) /805rpm.
3. They straightened ^, and these procedures comprised a going on one-sidedly-type shoe at the time of the construction.
4. Shrink fitting was common with the wheel for the railroad carriage at the time of ^.
5. I am made over ^ 1922 through 1924. のちの Kintetsu モ 260 form.
6. I put ^ Mitsubishi Electric MB-213-AF (terminal voltage 600V time rating output 111.9kW/755rpm) on each motor car four.
7. A local train for ^ Uehommachi. By two formation of モ 307 - モ 104, all comprised the steel body.
8. ^ so-called flower garden accident. Refer to the clause of the Kintetsu Nara Line train reckless driving collision.
9. モ 9 completely demolished in this accident that is ^ is dismantled and was done with a kind car of ク 554 (the first generation) in the car family register, but two cars of モ 11.27 to remain are active, and they return on one of repair.
10. It is merged with Kintetsu in 1964, and the ^ Nobutaka Ikoma Railway Corporation becomes Kintetsu Ikoma Line, Tawaramoto Line.
11. With the example that a Minoh Arima electricity orbit 1 form train (product made in 1910) which was a vehicle at the time of the Hankyu Corporation establishment of a business remained in 19 with the thing near ^ this until 1956 (abolish it totally in 18 junk cars, 1962 by the end of 1957).
12. At this chance the above-mentioned large gauge type special outer ring was right, too and was restored ^.
13. ^ Kintetsu performs almost none of the preservation of the old-model vehicle scrapped in-house and is the old model vehicle which this vehicle saves alone.

Allied vehicle

• Debot 51 form
• Debot 61 form

References

• "World railroad '64," it is Asahi Shimbun, 1963

Outside link

• A chase! Great actor size gauge Debot 1 of the track

This item is an unfinished item in conjunction with the railroads. I demand the cooperator who corrects it, and corrects this item (P: railroad /PJ railroad).

It is acquired by "https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title= Osaka Electric orbit Debot 1 form train &oldid=60136421"

This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Osaka Electric orbit Debot 1 form train

This article is distributed by cc-by-sa or GFDL license in accordance with the provisions of Wikipedia.

Wikipedia and Tranpedia does not guarantee the accuracy of this document. See our disclaimer for more information.

In addition, Tranpedia is simply not responsible for any show is only by translating the writings of foreign licenses that are compatible with CC-BY-SA license information.