Wax

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When I point to one specific chemical substance in a narrow sense, the wax (ろう, wax) includes acylglycerol and higher fatty acid, the hydrocarbon indicating the property similar to this in a wide sense in practical use with the high oils and fats-formed material (wax ester) of the melting point to point to the ester with higher fatty acid and the high quality alcohol of 1 value or 2 values. In many cases, I have the melting point that is lower than the boiling point (100 degrees Celsius) of the water with a smooth solid at the room temperature softly, and gas burns well. The wax of the wide sense except the wax ester includes fat or the hydrocarbon of such a property, but I take it in the natural wax ester and show a property of the mucilage at room temperature to have you, and there is the liquid thing at room temperature like sperm whale oil, too. Generally specific gravity is smaller than acylglycerol, and the wax ester is stable chemically.

Table of contents

Summary

The wax of the wide sense is gathered mainly by the oils and fats of the animal, the oils and fats of the plant, but the paraffin pro-wax which is a hydrocarbon of the waxiness which in late years fractionates crude oil of the oil, and is provided is used mainly. The wax ester which is the wax of the narrow sense is composed chemically.

Because it was easy to treat it because it was room temperature, and the wax of the wide sense was a solid and melted at relatively low temperature when I heated up and burnt easily when I vaporized, I have been used for illumination as a candle (candle) from ancient times. Furthermore, I am used for various uses as well as a candle by flipping water or there being lubricity.

In addition, the wax is included in the meat of deep-sea fish such as the coelacanth and the equally deep sea-related sperm whale as oils and fats in the oils and fats of the animal, but because I cannot hydrolyze the wax ester in a digestive enzyme of the Homo sapiens, it might be had loose bowels when I eat these meat, and, as for escolar and the oil there Japanese bluefish of such fish, sale is prohibited in Japan by the food hygiene law. I refer to the use of the deep-sea fish # deep-sea fish.

In addition, "ろう" of the alloy to use for the joining between the metal is transcribed into "solder". I refer to こちらについてはろう 接.

Main wax, wax

I introduce the wax of the wide sense called wax in practical use here. For convenience, it is in 近現代, and "wax" of Japanese (Chinese word) appears in the Japan society with a thing derived from the animals and plants which are used from ancient times in Japan, and adjusted to Japanese culture and said with "the wax" which is a word of foreign origin derived from English in the things of the origin such as familiar thin mineral, oil with the Japanese culture from old times, but is all "wax" in English.

Plant system wax

Japan tallow (crude Japanese wax)

Goby wax

The wax which is made from fruit of the Rhus succedanea. It is included in flesh, but it is mainly the mixture with the thing included in the seed with the thing which I extracted without isolating flesh and a seed. Ball total law that it is sultry with a bamboo steamer traditionally and compresses heated fruit between the iron construction containers which iron ball and this big fall into, a solvent sampling method is used industrially in modern times. I am used for the polish of a sum candle and wooden goods.
I am produced mainly in North Kyushu and Shikoku such as Shimabara Peninsula in Japan. I was called "Japan wax" any place other than Japan and was a convincing export in Meiji, the Taisho era. Popularity revives abroad in the present of the early 21st century, but the amount of production in Japan is a course of the decrease, and the producer performing the ball total law that a particularly high quality product is provided slightly remains in Shimabara-shi, Nagasaki.
The chief ingredient of the Japan tallow is acylglycerol not wax ester chemically.

The chief ingredient is triglyceride of palmitic acid CH₃(CH₂)₁₄COOH.

Lacquer wax

Goby wax and the similar Japan tallow of the property are provided from fruit of the lacquer which is closely related with Rhus succedanea.
The Edo era, East Japan including Tohoku were chief producing centers, but they are pushed, and I am hardly produced in current Japan by goby wax. I refer to the lacquer.
In addition, a goby lacquer tree is a plant of the cashew family together.

The chief ingredient is goby wax and same palmitic acid glyceride.

Other plants system

Carnauba wax (カルナバ wax)

The wax which covers up the appearance of the leaf of carnauba Copernicia prunifera. It presents the luster such as the marble, but a melting point belongs to a high class with the wax composed primarily of natural wax ester very firmly most. When I relax this property, I mix beeswax with other wax and am used. I am known as a main material of a coat agent and the car wax of the tablet. The chief producing center is Brazil. The freezing point is 82 degrees Celsius.

The chief ingredient is cerotic acid millimeters sill CH₃(CH₂)₂₄COO(CH₂)₂₉CH₃ and millimeters sill alcohol.

Sugarcane low

With wax covering up the appearance of a leaf and the stem of the sugarcane, I am extracted from refuse after having squeezed sugar from a stem on the occasion of production of sugar.

The chief ingredient is beeswax and same palmitic acid millimeters sill CH₃(CH₂)₁₄COO(CH₂)₂₉CH₃

Palm wax

Having no bad smell gathered by a trunk of the Elaeis guineensis, solid wax. I am produced in Andes district particularly Colombia. The freezing point is high with 100 degrees Celsius.

The chief ingredient is a palmitic acid millimeters sill, and there are few impurities.

Candelilla wax

The wax which purifies discrete oils and fats from a stem of perception Delilah Euphorbia antisyphilitica to produce in Mexico mainly, and is provided.

Animal system wax

Beeswax (beads wax)

The wax that the beeswax secretes it from the organ called the wax gland in the abdominal sternum when a bee forms a nest. With the chief ingredient of the nest of the bee, I heat this and melt and am provided. When is refined, become unscented, but before the refinement such as the honey smell sweet. It becomes the materials of paint and cosmetics, cream, a candle, the soap. The melting point is 61-66 degrees Celsius. I include almost none of the unsaturated fatty acid. The iodine number is the lowest in 5-13 and the wax of the narrow sense.

The chief ingredient is cerotic acid CH₃(CH₂)₂₄COOH and a palmitic acid millimeters sill.

Cachalot

The remaining unscented solid wax which separated whale oil from the brain oil in the cachalot organ which the head of the sperm whale had. I was used as materials of a candle and cosmetics until a ban on the hunting of whales. It comes from misunderstanding from appearance of the brain oil to be called "spermaceti" (sperm of the whale) in English. It is representative liquid wax. The molecular weight of the fatty acid constituting wax to constitute in comparison with other wax is small (as for the saponification value 118-135), and the ratio of the unsaturated fatty acid is the lowest (as for the iodine number 3.9-9.3). The freezing point is 42-52 degrees Celsius.

The chief ingredient is palmitic acid cetyl CH₃(CH₂)₁₄COO(CH₂)₁₅CH₃

Sperm whale oil

Liquid wax included in the sperm whale head. Unlike a cachalot, the ratio of the unsaturated fatty acid is the highest for wax (iodine number 71-86). The ingredient constitution is more complicated than other wax. I include oleic acid, cetylalcohol, true acid, palmitic acid to ask for.

Cachalot (Tutsi whale oil)

The wax which is removed from the Tutsi whale. Unlike sperm whale oil, it is solid wax (freezing point -18 degrees). The molecular weight of the fatty acid is less than sperm whale oil, and the saponification value reaches 200. The constitution of the ingredient oleyl alcohol or cetylalcohol.

イボタ wax

The wax which is provided than the stick wax lump which the male larva of kind, the wart Taro insect (parasitic on a tree of the American olive department including the privet) of the scale insect grows in colonies around a branch of the privet and secreted. A melting point is high firmly. 滑 りをよくするためなど of a polish, a sliding paper-door and the shoji of wooden goods and the raw silk. I make it easy to rub it into the backside of a hanging scroll and the rolled drapery, and to wind it off and am used to help with the reproduction of the old SP record as a fine powder.

Wool wax

An unscented wax ingredient included in the lipid covering up appearance of the wool. I consist of seryl alcohol and myristic acid. The freezing point is 30-40 degrees Celsius.

Mineral-based wax

It is not the wax of the narrow sense.

Montand wax

I am made with solvent extraction than lignite. Long chain ester, free higher fatty acid, alcohol, quality of resin become the complicated composition of the chief ingredient unlike others. I am used as lubricant of plastic, an emulsifier of the car wax.

Oil-based wax

It is not the wax of the narrow sense.

Paraffin wax

A linear hydrocarbon (normal paraffin) purified by crude oil is a chief ingredient. After the 20th century, I am used in place of wax derived from the animals and plants mentioned above widely. I am separated and purified from crude oil mainly by distillation under reduced pressure distillate oil.

Microwax

I say the microcrystallin wax. It is refined as well as paraffin wax by crude oil, but a divergence hydrocarbon (isoparaffin) includes the saturated cyclic hydrocarbon with a chief ingredient. As for the microwax, a crystal is minute according to the name, and the number of carbon is a high melting point than most, too. Therefore, the use is different from paraffin wax with a different characteristic, too. I am separated and purified from crude oil mainly by 重質留分 and a residue oil of the distillation under reduced pressure distillate oil.

Synthetic wax

Hydrocarbon-based

It is not the wax of the narrow sense. I make chemical synthesis, and a hydrocarbon is made.

FT wax

I am provided from natural gas through Fischer-Tropsch process. It is used by a similar use with a straight chain-formed hydrocarbon same as paraffin wax. In addition, it is used as raw materials of GTL creating liquid fuel by natural gas.

Polyethylene wax polypropylene wax

I am made with polymerization, thermolysis of ethylene.

Other

I may name a solid thing synthetic wax at normal temperature with the thing that chemistry composed naturally derived raw materials. A part of fatty acid ester amine, the hardened oil.

Main use

• Candle
• Batik print
• Polish
• Lubricant
• Molding (models of a wax figure and the lost wax casting)

Outside link

• NIPPON SEIRO "wax Museum"

It is acquired by "https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title= wax &oldid=62423344"

This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Wax

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Lamella structure

The lamella structure (lamella structure = liquid crystal structure) is one in the liquid crystalline state indicating the material in the interval in a liquid and a solid. I am classified in method = thermostat fatty tuna pick liquid crystal (Thermotropic Liquid Crystal) = temperature metastasis form and lyotropic liquid crystalline (Lyotropic Liquid) = density metastasis form for a liquid crystalline state to be produced.

Table of contents

Summary

Lamella structure in the human body

The skin of the Homo sapiens is comprised of the epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue. The epidermis consists of 30-50 levels and the extremely thin layer from stratum corneum, granular layer, stratum spinosum epidermidis, a basal layer from the top. The stratum corneum located above most is said to be the organ contacting with fresh air and carries an important role to protect skin, a body from physical chemistry-like influence (bacteria and ultraviolet rays, chemical substance) and is comprised of the lipid between a keratin cell and the cell mainly. The lipid between the cell plays a role to fill the gap of a cell and the cell of the stratum corneum; water - lipid - water - lipid - water…と is regular and forms the layer such as the sandwich in turn. The aspect structure of this thin crystal is a lamella structure in the human body (lamella structure = liquid crystal structure).

Lamella structure between the cell

The amphipathic molecules form various meeting bodies underwater and are called lyotropic liquid crystal. The lamella liquid crystal is formed in a particularly thin system in that, and 2 molecules films turn it down in stratified formation; a unit in 6-7nm (nanometer) and extremely small one dimension period structure (water - lipid - water - lipid - water…I do structure) that のように films piled up parallel. This lamella structure exists between the cells of the human stratum corneum; lipid - water - lipid - water - lipid…I maintain water of the skin by taking the sandwich-formed structure that is の stratified formation and control a skin barrier function.

Water maintenance, barrier function

And I consist of lipid between the cell, and, in the stratum corneum, a nature humidity retention factor (NMF:Natural Moisturing Factor) holding water in a keratin cell exists stratum corneum cell mainly, and the lipid between the cell has a barrier function to prevent water (imperceptiveness transpiration) transpireing from the body.

Adipose ingredient and structure between the cell

As for the lipid between the cell, ceramide (sphingolipid), cholesterol, free fatty acid of the isolation are comprised of lipid = oil. Because I glue a cell and a cell together and interfere with coming off, I am called cement substance, the adhesion material.

Water - lipid - water - lipid - water…This stratification (lamella structure = lamella structure) has both parts which are easy to adjust to a part and the oil which are easy to adjust to water and the parts which are easy to be familiar with parts, the oil which are easy to be familiar with water face you and make a layer. And it prevents holding water to the part which is easy to adjust to water and from missing it. The lipid between the cell of the keratin carries a function to prevent the invasion of alien substances from the outside of the skin to the body and a superior barrier function to prevent that internal water escapes outside in this way. When this barrier function decreases, it causes skin roughness such as the drying.

Cause of the skin roughness

As for the skin roughness, an external factor (low temperature, low land and high humidity degree), the drying of the stratum corneum by the internal factor (stress smoking) trigger it. The water in stratum corneum is 20-25% with the normal skin, but it is dry skin (dry skin) if it becomes less than 10%. The rhythm of the epidermal turnover is out of order when it becomes the dry skin and the drying of the skin advances more and more when I leave you unattended, and stratum corneum is destroyed, and a barrier function is lost and wakes up skin roughness. It is common to supplement the lipid between a humidity retention ingredient and the cell which are short on rough skin for actions to be taken.

Development of lamella structure cosmetics

It was one problem to say how you infiltrated active ingredient / useful ingredient into skin in the basic cosmetics industry. In addition to a constitution required ingredient of the human body including vitamins and the amino acid, mountain cranberry extract, Mulberry Bark, a plant extract, squalene such as the Glycyrrhiza, the effectiveness of the ingredient which does not originally exist to skin such as fermentation metabolism things, the research and development and discovery progress with the times. It was important that I made the particle small enough to infiltrate these ingredients into stratum corneum.

In the conventional basic cosmetics, I dissolved the combination ingredient in a liquid by a micro(1/1000mm) unit. On the other hand, the cell of the skin constituting human skin is a nano(1/10 hundred million m) unit. In other words, there was a limit for penetration to skin because 1,000 times was bigger than the adipose structure between the cell as for the thing said to be such active ingredient / useful ingredient.

However, nanoencapsulation and various nanoparticles were developed by progress of the nanotechnology. As for the nanocosmetics, it was a boom at a stretch after it was said that an ingredient became easy to penetrate when nano encapsulated vitamins, and the 2000s began. However, I pick up the normal nanotech cosmetics, and the effect that the active ingredient / use ingredient was aimed for because a system fails when I applied it to skin is hard to appear. In addition, I miss immediately because there are few functions to hold water even if it infiltrated skin. Thus, the development of the cosmetics which paid attention to not only the unit (nano) but also the structure (lamella) was accomplished.

As for the cosmetics of the lamella structure (lamella structure) similar to the lipid between the cell, a system is hard to fail, and I send water and the oil content including the active ingredient / useful ingredient to the deep part of the stratum corneum, and there is the durability. It is a concept to support a humidity retention power to decrease by aging and drying.

A surfactant and emulsification

The generic name of the material having a lipophilic group, channeling group to mix with the hydrophilic group of the property that the surfactant mixes with intramolecular water to oil. I am called the amphipathic molecules. They play an important role to connect water and oil. Even a material (liquid) which separates like water and oil, and does not mix each other is cloudy when I add a surfactant and becomes uniform. This cloudy liquid is called emulsion (British: Emulsion), and this action is called emulsification. An emulsification state includes several kinds of things. There is the W/O type which water breaks up to an O/W type (Oil in Water: a water oil type), the oil which oil breaks up in water as a representative thing (Water in Oil: in oil a water type).

Safe of the surfactant

Originally the surfactant (egg yolk lecithin phosphatide saponin peptide) exists in the human body and plant. A thing used with food and pharmaceutical products, cosmetics well is an emulsification. It is kept in indication with an emulsifier. The function of emulsifier should remember dressing. The dressing is made from water and oil, and I am divided into two levels of water and the oil, but water and oil join by waving it before use well. This is emulsification, too. I can let you maintain the state that mixed water with an oil content when I use the surfactant for a long time. It is essential for cosmetics that the emulsification mixes water and oil and makes. Mayonnaise, butter, margarine, the surfactant including the milk are used in the food widely. Safety of the surfactants is called into question well, but it is a problem of the kinds to be used by a use.

When I dissolved it in water, the surfactant dissociates, and it becomes the ion (an atom with an electric charge or atomic group).

As ionic surfactant

• Anion surfactant
• Positive ion surfactant
• Amphoteric surfactant

But, there is it

Of the non-ionic surfactant which an ion does not have

• Ester form
• Ether type
• Ester ether type

などに is big and is classified.

Emulsification method

It is a thermodynamically unstable system, and the emulsion is in nonequilibrium state. I divide into two things not mixing well like oil and water by all means someday. Therefore various emulsification methods are considered to hold down union characteristics as much as possible. A method to go by way of an infinite meeting state in the middle of emulsification other than machine emulsification is taken and prevents union by reducing particle diameter of 披分散側 as much as possible.

Machine emulsification method

The machine emulsification method to scatter using mixers to store emulsion in the long term.

Change aspect emulsification method

Dissolution scatters surfactants in an oil aspect and I add a water aspect (oil aspect) there and get O/W (W/O) emulsion. Because continuous phase performs a change (change aspect) in the middle of emulsification from water (oil) to oil Wednesday, I am called with change aspect emulsification. Minute emulsion is provided.

Change aspect temperature emulsification method (PIT - Phase Inversion Temperature - emulsification)

The emulsification method that I cool to temperature on the 20-30 degrees low temperature side of PIT becoming stable for union at a stretch after I stir it near change aspect temperature (PIT) that balance (HLB - Hydrophile-Lipophile-Balance) of the hydrophilic ー lipophilic property is balanced, and 3 aspect domains (non-ion activator / water / oil) appear, and minute O/W emulsion was produced.

Liquid crystalline emulsification method

• A method to make emulsion of O/W which is a minute particle by making liquid crystal with humectant (glycerin + water) / surfactant / oil, and adding water.

※Manufacturing method of the liquid crystalline emulsification constituent

I created the liquid crystal lamellas of 100% by lowering limited (from 1:1 to 1:3) boundary tension, and emulsifying the ratio of a surfactant and the oil using the high non-ionic surfactant of the hydrophilicity that the manufacturing method (I acquire a patent in Japan, the United States and Europe 2007) that Institute for skin clinical reactions of drugs (ヒフケン) director Takashi Suzuki Co., Ltd. developed limited the kind of the surfactant (more than lipophilic group carbon C-18) and a lipophilic surfactant. Unlike an existing thing [¹], as for this, the whole system is liquid crystal.

(Patent No. 3987551.3987552 US 7534369 EP 1801184. EP 1801185)

Non-aqueous emulsification method

It is emulsification, the manufacturing method to add water later, and to make emulsion with oil / humectant using the special emulsification method (Patent No. 1168220 US 04254104) non-ionic surfactant that same as above, Takashi Suzuki thought out for Shiseido Company, Limited Era. The low stirring that is strong because, by the way, I emulsify it of the boundary tension is unnecessary as an advantage. I can perform emulsification in hydrophilic surfactant one piece of article.

Amino acid gel emulsification method

An emulsification technology successful in doing an oil aspect into a gel form in the thing using the amino acid in the water-rich W/O emulsification, and giving you high stability. I was developed by Shiseido. The main emulsification technology that Shiseido uses: Re-bid shell emulsification, S.M. emulsification, O/W/O emulsification, high polymer emulsification, high pressure emulsification, B&S gel emulsification, non-water emulsification, RIM emulsification.

D aspect emulsification method

I was developed by Paula Kasei Kogyo heron Hiroshi Tani way Co., Ltd. While D aspect (surfactant aspect) is produced, I form D aspect by water-soluble polyol addition by adjusting HLB of the non-ionic surfactant and I scatter oil aspects in this and get minute emulsion (O/D). A method to finally add water (O/W), and to make emulsion.

The super minute emulsification method that used a solubilization domain

A method to cool it after using the phenomenon that the solubilizing ability of the non-ionic surfactant increases remarkably in the neighborhood of PIT, and having formed solubilization pro-microemulsion once, and to get semitransparent tininess emulsion.

Kind of the liquid crystalline structure

Liquid crystalline structure includes the following kinds.

1. Cue BIC I1
2. ヘキサゴナル
3. Cue BIC V1
4. Lamella
5. Lamella (Maltese cross)
6. Cue BIC V2
7. Reverse ヘキサゴナル
8. Cue BIC I2

Cosmetics with a lamella structure

• Lam rear Japan
• The little scientist beta layer series
• The ディファーヌ cosmetics (differne) series
• Sun King extra suntan cream (Sun King)
• The アストロジュエクラル (Je Eclale) series
• Atto- palm MLE cream
• AVENE medical use hand cream
• Erte cosmetics
• KOSE COSME DECORTE
• ハホニコ
• ヒフケンラミナーゼシリーズ
• ビーバンジョア 303
• ヤクルトパラビオ
• アノンセクレムドバリエール
• コンシダーマルスキンライズローション (Considermal)

Others

Other lamella structure

• PE lamella structure
• Lamella structure macromolecule
• Lamella structure architecture
• Lamella structural geology

Footnote

1. I make a liquid crystal constituent with heat and a stirring power and put cosmetics = レシチンセラミドコレステロールグリセライド fatty acids said to be ^ existing lamella structure in conventional O/W emulsion. The cosmetics that particle + liquid crystal constituent, this are said to be a conventional lamella. In addition, I make liquid crystal without using liquid crystalline = oil of the Maltese cross too much. The cosmetics that the inside of merely particle is liquid crystal.

References

• "The viewpoint of the sign in the surfactant multicomponent solution system and the applied example" (Toshiyuki Suzuki)
• "A problem and the prospects of the FRAGRANCE JOURNAL No. 40 (Vol.8, No. 1) ... protein preparation – Effect - ... of the collagen in aging and cosmetics of the skin (Teruo Miyata)
• "The safe action (Yoshiro Hatakeyama) in cosmetics"
• N. Ohta, S. Ban, H. Tanaka, S.Nakata and I.Hatta, Swelling of intercellular lipid lamellar structure with short repeat distance in hairless mouse stratum corneum as studied by X-ray diffraction, Chem. Phys. Lipids 123, 2,003,1-8.

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ヌテラ

Logo of ヌテラ

Bread, the milk which applied ヌテラ, ヌテラ

The sweet spread of the chocolate flavor that ヌテラ (Italy: Nutella) mixed the materials such as sugar, cocoa, powdered skim milk, fragrance, the emulsifier with a bass with hazelnut paste. With the product which Italian フェレロ company releases, the brand name called "ヌテラ (Nutella)" is a registered trademark of the company.

It is common I spread it on bread, and to eat. It is a popular spread in the United States or Europe. But, on the other hand, I run to ice cream, and the usage diverges into many branches, too. I start acceptance of the public comment to ask how to eat and normal quantity for one meal about a nut-butter spread around ヌテラ on November 2, 2016 in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. I will try a classification whether you do whether ヌテラ assumes it syrup some other time with a spread [¹].

Kewpie sold it once, but I finish sale on March 31, 2010 [²], and, in Japan, Japanese フェレロ deals as of 2014 [³].

Table of contents

History

The models of ヌテラ were created in the 1940s by Pietro フェレロ which was the founder of フェレロ company. A hazelnut produced in Piedmont by richness was used in those days because cocoa was short in rationing with World War II [⁴].

The model of this ヌテラ was called pasta Jean Doe-ya (pasta gianduja). The pasta is a meaning of the paste. The pasta Jean Doe-ya was aggregated, but フェレロ releases the thing which bottled this as スーパークレマ Jean Doe-ya (supercrema gianduja). I changed the name to ヌテラ (Nutella) in 1964. This put "ella" which gave the soft nuance of a word in "nut" which meant a nut together [⁵].

I am sold in the United States of America from 1983 [⁶].

In addition, it was established in 2007 when world ヌテラ day was February 5. ^[7]

Derivative

Nutella and Go

A product [⁸] with ヌテラ and grissini (stick-formed biscuit) as in combination one package.

Nutella and Go Estathé

A product [⁹] which put "Estathé" (S length) of the tea drink together more in Nutella and Go.

Advertisement

CM where a representative from soccer Germany appears is produced [¹⁰].

with Gnutella of relationships

The name of Gnutella of the P2P file-sharing program is a compound named GNU by a developer of the material which liked ヌテラ by ヌテラ [¹¹]. It has been reported that フェレロ company took legal measures against Gnutella in 2001 [¹²].

Footnote, source

1. Is ^ "ヌテラ" jam? Or is it a sweet? U.S. FDA an opinion open call for participants Agence France-Presse November 04, 2016 (same day reading)
2. Guidance Kewpie of the ^ sale end product
3. ^ play navigator: Advantageous だね present information　／Tokyo Mainichi Shimbun, July 01, 2014
4. ^ History 1 FERRERO U.S.A., INC.
5. ^ History 2 FERRERO U.S.A., INC.
6. ^ History 3 FERRERO U.S.A., INC.
7. ^ World Nuttela Day, February 5, 2015 update
8. ^ Nutella & Go FERRERO
9. ^ Nutella Snack & Drink FERRERO
10. ^ It is Germany World Cup 2014 – the stories behind the players The Guardian, June 5, 2014
11. It is - GNU project free software foundation about ^ Gnutella
12. ^ Nutella takes legal action against Gnutella The Guardian, February 28, 2001

Allied item

Wiki media Commons has the media in conjunction with ヌテラ.

Wiki media Commons has the media in conjunction with spreads (including ヌテラ).

• Fat spread
• Chocolate spread

Outside link

• ヌテラ official site (Italian)

It is acquired by "https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title= ヌテラ &oldid=64023819"

This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia ヌテラ

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Arakawa Chemical Industrial

Arakawa Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd.
ARAKAWA CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.

Kind	Company
Market information	TSE First Section 4968 October 6, 2000 presentation One copy of Osakashi Securities Exchange (the abolition) 4968 From November 17, 1999 to July 12, 2013
Abbreviated designation	Arakawa chemistry
The head office location	Japan 〒541-0046 1-3-7, Hiranomachi, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi
The establishment	It is ※ 1 (1936) on May 31 for 1,936 years (Chiyoda house Co., Ltd.) Foundation: It is January (1931) for 1,931 years (joint-stock company Arakawa store)
Type of industry	Chemistry
Business contents	Medicine business for the paper manufacture Resin business for the industry
Representative	President-director Valley depths Katsuzo
Capital	3,128 1 million yen
The issued stock total number	20,150,400 stocks
Sales amount	A connection: 67,794 1 million yen Alone: 49,233 1 million yen
Operating income	A connection: 1,934 1 million yen Alone: 1,269 1 million yen
Net income	A connection: 982 1 million yen Alone: 759 1 million yen Inclusion profit: 2,782 1 million yen
Net assets	A connection: 40,109 1 million yen Alone: 35,699 1 million yen
Total assets	A connection: 78,372 1 million yen Alone: 65,832 1 million yen
The number of employees	A connection: 1,334 people Alone: 717 ※ 2
支店舗数	2
Accounting period	March 31
Main stockholder	6.41% of トラスティ service Trust Bank Co., Ltd. in Japan 5.75% of Arakawa chemistry employee stocks society 4.67% of Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ Co., Ltd. 2.95% of Toshi Arakawa plus 2.57% of Japanese master trust Trust Bank Co., Ltd. 2.02% of Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation 1.97% of Mizuho Bank Co., Ltd. 1.97% of Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation 1.89% of Hikoji Arakawa 1.72% of Oji Holdings Co., Ltd.
Main subsidiary	Cf. main company concerned
Outside link	http://www.arakawachem.co.jp/
An Important Notice: The management index a March, 2013 83rd securities report [1] ※I was complicated with Chiyoda house Co., Ltd. which was in suspension of business state as a surviving company to change the amount of money of one face value stock from 500 yen to 50 yen (1971) in December in 1:1,971 year. ※The number of employees is the operation staff, and the total number of the just-in-time employee is one of the number of employees less than ten-100ths, and 2 omits a mention.
I display a template

It is a chemistry maker producing a medicine for the paper manufacture mainly on the compound of the rosin that to distill pine resin, and Arakawa Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. (あらかわかがくこうぎょう British: Arakawa Chemical Industries, Ltd.) is refined and makes, synthetic resins.

Table of contents

History

• Crude drug dealer Sei Arakawa seven store is founded (1876) in - Fushimicho, Higashi-ku, Osaka-shi in November in 1876
• I am reorganized (1931) in January in 1931 by - joint-stock company Arakawa store
• I am renamed to - Arakawa forestry chemistry joint-stock company (1943) in November in 1943
• I am reorganized (1956) in September in 1956 by - Arakawa forestry chemistry Co., Ltd.
• 天立化学工業股 份 Co., Ltd. (existing Taiwan Arakawa Chemical Industrial crotch 份 Co., Ltd..a consolidated subsidiary) is established (1967) in May in 1967 by - Taiwan
• - business name is renamed (1977) in April in 1977 by Arakawa Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd.
• I establish - 梧州荒川化学工業有限公司 (I already integrate it with 広西梧州荒川化学工業有限公司 and settle it) (1995) in June in 1995
• I establish - Arakawa chemical (Thailand) company (consolidated subsidiary) (1995) in July in 1995
• I establish - Hong Kong Arakawa chemical company (consolidated subsidiary) (1995) in October in 1995
• Amoy Arakawa Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. (consolidated subsidiary) is established (1996) in August in 1996 by - China
• Arakawa Europe Corporation (consolidated subsidiary) is established (1998) in November in 1998 by - Germany
• - Osaka Securities Exchange Part 2 is listed on the Stock Exchange (1999) in November in 1999
• - Second Section of Tokyo Stock Exchange is listed on the Stock Exchange (2000) in October in 2000
• - Tokyo, Osaka both securities exchange Part 1 is listed on the Stock Exchange (2003) in March in 2003
• I purchase - Japan ペルノックス Co., Ltd. (existing ペルノックス Co., Ltd..a consolidated subsidiary) (2003) in October in 2003
• I establish - Guangxi Arakawa Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. (I already integrate it with 広西梧州荒川化学工業有限公司 and settle it) (2003) in June in 2003
• I establish - Nantung Arakawa Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. (consolidated subsidiary) (2004) in April in 2004
• I establish - 広西梧州荒川化学工業有限公司 (consolidated subsidiary) (2008) in December in 2008
• I establish - Arakawa chemical synthesis (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (consolidated subsidiary) (2011) in February in 2011
• ポミラン technology company (consolidated subsidiary) is established (2012) in February in 2012 by - Taiwan
• I establish sun Arakawa chemistry crotch 份 Co., Ltd. (consolidated subsidiary) (2014) in - Taiwan in January in 2014 [²]
• I purchase - Yamaguchi Seiken industry Co., Ltd. (consolidated subsidiary) (2015) in June in 2015 [³]

Main product

• Medicine for the paper manufacture
  • Size
  • Paper power fortifier
  • Medicine for the enamel paper
• Formation product
  • Resin for the printing ink
  • Resin for the paint
  • Resin for the adhesion, the adhesive
  • Chewing gum basics agent
  • Emulsifier for the synthetic rubber polymerization
  • Super light color rosin
  • Functional coating agent
  • Silicone resin
• Electronic materials
  • Photocoagulation resin
  • Combination product for electronic materials
  • An exact parts cleaner and washing device
  • Functional fine chemical product
  • Conductive material
  • Silica hybrid polyimide film
  • Solder-related product
• Other insurances against loss, real estate intermediation

Base

 

Arakawa Chemical Industrial Institute

Branch, office

• Tokyo office - Chuo-ku, Tokyo
• Nagoya Branch - Kasugai-shi, Aichi
• Fuji Office - Fuji-shi, Shizuoka
• Sapporo Office - Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido
• Kyushu Office - Oita-shi, Oita

Factory

• Osaka factory - Tsurumi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka
• Fuji factory - Fuji-shi, Shizuoka
• Mizushima factory - Kurashiki-shi, Okayama
• Onahama factory - Iwaki-shi, Fukushima
• Kushiro factory - Kushiro-shi, Hokkaido
• Tokushima factory - Anan-shi, Tokushima
• Tsurusaki factory - Oita-shi, Oita

Research institute

• Research institute - Tsurumi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka
• Tsukuba Institute - Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki

Expatriate staff office

• Taipei representative office - Taiwan Taipei City

Main company concerned

• ペルノックス Co., Ltd. (Hadano-shi, Kanagawa): Electronic materials business
• Piezochemistry industry Co., Ltd. (Taisho-ku, Osaka-shi): Electronic materials business
• Yamaguchi Seiken industry Co., Ltd. (Midori-ku, Nagoya-shi): Electronic materials business
• カクタマサービス Co., Ltd. (Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi): Insurance against loss, real estate intermediation
• 広西梧州荒川化学工業有限公司 (Chinese Wuzhou City): Paper manufacture medicine business, formation product business
• Nantung Arakawa Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. (Nanchung City of China): Paper manufacture medicine business, formation product business
• Amoy Arakawa Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. (Chinese Amoy City): Formation product business
• Arakawa chemical synthesis (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (in China a mirage): Formation product business, electronic materials business
• Hong Kong Arakawa chemical company (Hong Kong, China): Formation product business
• Taiwanese Arakawa Chemical Industrial crotch 份 Co., Ltd. (Taiwanese Chilung City): Paper manufacture medicine business, formation product business
• ポミラン technology company (Taiwanese Xinzhu prefecture): Electronic materials business
• Sun Arakawa chemistry crotch 份 Co., Ltd. (Taiwanese Taipei City): Electronic materials business, formation product business
• Arakawa Europe Corporation (ドイツエシュボルン city): Formation product business
• Arakawa chemical (Thailand) company (Rayong, Thailand): Formation product business
• Arakawa chemical (the United States) company (Chicago City, America): Formation product business

Matsutaro

The CM character who personified the pine that Matsutaro appeared from 2006. I created establishment of a business 130 years in order to leave a duty to introduce everyday life and a relation of the rosin to 期 to a mascot character. I appear to the car card of Hankyu Corporation in 2006. An adhesive of size and the packing tape which add spot commercial in broadcast, paper in Kansai Telecasting from January, 2007 introduces that rosin is used.

Footnote

1. ^ "The 83rd securities report"(Japanese). Arakawa Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. February 1, 2014 reading.
2. ^ "news about the sale subsidiary establishment in Taiwan" (Japanese). Arakawa Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. February 1, 2014 reading.
3. ^ "News of the share acquisition (subsidization) completion of Yamaguchi Seiken industry Co., Ltd."(Japanese). Arakawa Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. February 1, 2014 reading.

Allied item

• Paper
• The paper industry
• Pine resin
• Rosin
• Prince green resource (Oji Holdings) - main pivot business partner

Outside link

• Arakawa Chemical Industrial official site Co., Ltd.

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