Sherlock (Sherlock) is the search software of the Internet that Apple has ever developed and the local disk.
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Summary
Sherlock comes up as a new feature of Mac OS 8.5. It is the unification search tool which can use a search (Internet search) in the Internet and the search (Find File and contents search) in the local disk from the same interface.
In the first version, "Internet search" "Find File" changes three tabs of "I search it by contents" and carries out a search. I was able to search it in natural Japanese by a Japanese analysis function [1]. I search the Internet search transversely from each search site that I incorporated in a plug in form. Excite or Infoseek entered beforehand, and the user was able to add plug in (search in the online shop, searches of other user own work such as other search sites, Amazon.com such as Yahoo!) [1]. The Find File is equivalent to conventional search feature, and searches it using the character string search of the file name or file attribute. The search of contents performs the file contents をから full text search in the local disk that indexed it beforehand. In addition, I save the condition that I set for a search, and a search can make the file for the search carried out automatically when I open. In addition, the domain where a banner ad is displayed by the lower part of the screen returning search results is established.
Mac OS 9
It became Sherlock 2 [3] by Mac OS 9, and a search was settled together with the group called "a channel". I input the keyword that I want to search first after having chosen a channel icon. The channel is customizable by addition of the plug in. In addition, the interface design was renovated, too and became like so-called brush metal.
The channel (example of the offered plug in) that is prepared for beforehand
File
The search in the local disk. For "Find File" "contents search" of the previous version considerably.
The Internet
A search that I use a search site of the Internet. I am equivalent to "the Internet search" of the previous version.
People
A search (Bigfoot.com[4]) of the information about a friend, the family.
A search (Apple.com, Apple Macintosh Products Guid) of the information about the apple.
Reference
The search (American Heritage Dictionary, Britannica.com) of the document of a dictionary, the dictionary.
Shopping
A search (Amazon.com, eBay) of an online shop and the net auction.
Mac OS X
It was Sherlock 2 to Mac OS X v10.1 (as for the design, Aqua-like), but it became Sherlock 3 [5] from Mac OS X v10.2, and a tracking function and image search feature [6] of the auction were strengthened even after Mac OS X came up. Furthermore, in Mac OS X v10.3, it was incorporated a menu file search feature by Finder to use it. Although it was equipped, we jet engine "Dashboard" which could call Internet resources from search feature "Spotlight" of the new local disk to rearrange Sherlock and a desktop appeared in Sherlock from 10.4 in Mac OS X v10.4 which spread out. Sherlock is not carried from Mac OS X v10.5.
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One of the control command "DM command" that was available in a windowing system (display manager) equipped with with CC (CREATE_COPY) by a computer of Apollo Computer Corporation.
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Summary
The CC command generates the copying of the existing window.
Usage
The CC command generates the copying of the existing window.
I set the both ends of the new window by DR command to use this command and then point to the window to copy. Is putting a cursor to the copied window; <CMD＞I push the key and input CC command.
When a domain is not set, a new window is produced using the next DM default window.
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One of the control command "DM command" that was available in a windowing system (display manager) equipped with with TR (TO_RIGHTT) by a computer of Apollo Computer Corporation.
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Summary
The TR command moves a cursor now in the tail of the line.
Usage
The TR command moves a cursor now to the right to the tail of the line. The arrow key with the stick of the turning to the right calls by default TR command.
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One of the control command "DM command" that was available in a windowing system (display manager) equipped with with DQ (DEBUG_QUIT) by a computer of Apollo Computer Corporation.
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Summary
The DQ command generates クイット fault within a process.
Format
DQ path name [option]
Usage
The DQ command stops the practice of the current program and generates クイット fault to turn over for a program (usually a shell) that called control.
This command acts for a process connected with the window which there is a cursor now.
In CTRL/Q, I can call by default DQ without the option generating normal クイット fault for a running program now.
An option:
When an option is not appointed, DQ generates normal クイット fault.
I temporarily stop it now even if a running program is anything.
-C nn
I generate any asynchronous fault having status (nn) of 16 designated 進.
-S
I stop the whole process by a method controlled as much as possible. I close opened stream, file, pad. It is stopped, and the pro-process of the shell is closed, too.
-B
I abandon a process, I no longer carry out the order with the user mode.
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It was revised to 2012 [1] in establishment, 2004 in 2000. JIS X 0213:2000 established in 2000 is called popular name "JIS2000". JIS X 0213:2004 revised in 2004 is called popular name "JIS2004".
For the set of the figure letter of 6,879 characters that JIS X 0208 prescribes in the standard that expanded JIS X 0208, high 4,354 characters of the need to apply it with a Japanese character code are added and prescribe the figure letter of 11,233 characters in total. It is JIS X 0212:1990 and the purpose in a point expanding JIS X 0208, but there is not the compatibility between JIS X 0212 and JIS X 0213. It is the high rank meeting that JIS X 0213 includes JIS X 0208, and added the fourth third standard kanjis whereas JIS X 0212 is the letter meeting that attracted the letters which JIS X 0208 does not have.
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Characteristic
JIS X 0212 (supporting kanji) chose an additional letter mainly on a frequency investigation, and the authority examples investigated an example, the authority of the publication style of JIS X 0208 thoroughly in JIS X 0208:1997 (97JIS) in JIS X 0213 whereas I added reference information to Morohashi Chinese and Japanese and added the thing which was not recorded in JIS X 0208 in a character ("the character" points to "the style" of the narrow sense the style of the narrow sense afterward) that generally was used by technique like what identified it. Therefore a character same as JIS X 0212 may be included, but there is the character that it did not increase using a subsumption standard in particular in JIS X 0213 even if recorded in JIS X 0212.
It was going to increase characters and was performed and, in expansion, added 2,436 characters to a part considered to be a reservation domain by JIS X 0208-1997 age revision as 1,249 characters, the fourth standard as non-kanji 659 characters, the third standard. By the implementation, I put a non-kanji and the letter of the third standard in a part considered to be a reservation domain in JIS X 0208:1997 and did it with the front page and added the letter of the behind fourth standard as the second aspect. Furthermore, by revision of 2004, ten characters were added to the third standard, and the exemplified print of 168 characters was changed.
The second aspect is comprised of 94 wards of 94 points as well as the front page, but the existing mark domain of the letter is limited to 1, 3–5, 8, the 12–15, 78–94 ward soon. This strange placement is the result that avoided the existing place of the JIS X 0212 assistance kanji. The distinction of the thing using the JIS X 0213 second aspect is in this way possible that I used JIS X 0212 assistance kanji in EUC encoded sentence. Furthermore, it is theoretically possible to use both (but the standard does not exist).
However, the part considered to be a reservation domain in JIS X 0208:1997 was done with a freedom domain in JIS X 0208 of the past and was a part used as an external character domain by the implementation companies and was the domain that had been already used for the actual situation. There is an opinion than the implementation companies side for the standard plan that placed a letter newly here, and various encoding methods will be considered to be "reference" (not the standard body) in the last examination. On the other hand, correspondence is relatively easy by the software which there was for mint condition by rule in a space domain of JIS X 0208 affiliated with UNIX, and plural implementation exists.
Kanji to be used other than the third standard frequently
Notation method of the letter
I add "a mask" to "a ward point" used to JIS X 0208 in JIS X 0213, and it is in "an aspect ward point" and transcribes a cord at "aspect - ward - point". For example, "1-3-33" refers to "A" of one three wards 33 points.
Encoding method
JIS-based character code
There is the encoding method only in form along ISO/IEC 2022 with "a rule", and ISO-2022-JP-2004, Shift_JIS-2004, EUC-JIS-2004 have a description as "reference". Because IANA does not register these code words for the moment, it will be necessary to use it as a name of the private use to begin in "X-" in the MIME. Shift_JIS-2004 has already implemented it by macOS or JAVA 7, but cannot use it widely because I do not implement it by the reason of the thing that is incompatible with conventional SJIS (code page 932) by Windows.
Correspondence with Unicode
The Unicode mark corresponding to some letters did not exist at the time of JIS X 0213 establishment, but was added in Unicode 3.1 and Unicode 3.2. But,
I will be added to the basic multilingual aspect CJK unification kanji expansion B domain out of (BMP) when I remove a thing added to the kanji domain compatible with CJK in kanjis. The applicable letter has 303 characters of one character in total in a first edition in an additional minute in 302 characters, 2004. When use these; in the UTF-8 on a 4 bytes long cord in UTF-16 corresponding to the surrogate pair (the substitute vs.) it is necessary. When it supports UTF-32, it is just available.
For example, "𠀋" with the point of one 14 wards two points was assigned to U+2000B.
The sign indicating the thing which conventional Unicode does not have as an independent mark, the rise-like of the style, the drop-like will express in combination two Unicode marks in the kana with the p-sound, the IPA sign with the accent in non-kanjis. The applicable letter has 25 characters in total. To use these in OpenType; the operating system and application with the need (among this case グリフ substitution, use a function to substitute plural グリフ next to each other for a certain one グリフ) corresponding to the グリフ substituted function of the OpenType.
For example, "か ゚" with the p-sound of one four wards 87 points posts U+309A of the p-sound for the composition after U+304B of the "ka" and will express it.
The style of one 11 wards 69 points of style sign rise and the style of one 11 wards 70 points style sign drop are expressed by a combination of U+02E5 and U+02E9, but this is based on Chapter 7.8 of Unicode Book. When a plural number is next to each other in five signs of U+02E5-U+02E9, according to this, I have the sign indicating the style change of the top and bottom.
Because JIS X 0213 was established, and JIS X 0213 was not implemented in Unicode when it was immediate, I defined the letter in the external character domain and I often used it and was performed. Such an implementation is carried out in some free fonts [2].
In ARIB STD-B24 used in data broadcasting of Japan, JIS X 0213 becomes available as character set of the letter encoding method of ARIB. Two of JIS X 0213:2004 are used in one, "a kanji two set of JIS X 0213:2004 compatible with JIS" by "a kanji one meeting compatible with JIS". There is the method using "an international encoding letter meeting" in this encoding method, and it is said that the character set that mapped the letter of "the addition Han typeface" in JIS X 0213 onto the external character domain of "the basic multi-language aspect" again to express all with "a basic multi-language aspect" in Unicode as "BMP set" other than mapping of normal Unicode is available particularly.
It supports encoding method (x-MS932_0213) which overwrote Shift_JIS-2004 in Microsoft code page 932 other than implementation (x-SJIS_0213) of the normal Shift_JIS-2004 form by JAVA 7.
Compatibility with the precedent domestic implementation
Therefore, I came to be able to interpret a document using the NEC Foreign System Font that typical platform dependent characters included until now as Shift_JIS-2004.
Revised of JIS X 0213:2004
Table 1: The letter which was changed by JIS X 0213:2004
Comparison before and after the change of the style
Illustration-shaped change
JIS X 0213:2004 changes the exemplified print of JIS X 0213:2000. It is a street of table 1 that a change matched.
There are 168 characters in total and is almost switched from an expansion new form of a character to so-called 康熙字典体型. "A tine" or "the pot" take a writing brush relief pitcher. In addition, there is the thing which is hard to understand a difference like "crab" (separated "a solution" and "an insect") or "curse" (lowered appearance).
I put these changes together in a style shown in the report "kanji character surface of a body of the National Language Council out of the face". But a critical opinion was put in exhibition reviews for such a thing that I changed while fixing the encoding expression of the letter for the character code standard, and declaring that the exemplified print had no normative role.
The ten characters that was added
Table 2: The letter which was added in JIS X 0213:2004
Ten characters that were added
俱 剥 𠮟吞噓姸 屏 幷 lean person filler
Conventional letter
倶剥叱呑嘘妍屏并痩繋
Ten characters added to the third standard are streets of table 2. Because a different mark was given in Unicode, I was added. These are variant characters for the conventional letter which I showed under the table.
Correspondence of the font
Microsoft changed the print of the standard deployment font [3] to the thing of JIS X 0213:2004 from a thing of old JIS X 0208:1990 from Windows Vista that it released in 2007. In addition, the font package which could display old print was shown [4].
Apple adds the ヒラギノ N font corresponding to the illustration-shaped change in Mac OS X v10.5 of the release in 2007, too.
The IPA font that I showed as a free font for IPA to use it by the OS's such as Linux changed the print of the font to the thing of JIS X 0213:2004 [5].
Print of JIS X 0213:2004 became available in almost all OS's by the correspondence mentioned above by default.
Because all letters class prescribed in JIS X 0213:2004 is included in JIS X 0213:2004, and each letter follows the subsumption standard in JIS X 0213:2004, and it is only demanded that each letter prescribed in JIS X 0213:2004 can be distinguished (e.g., it is the print that "-shaped side) of "示" of the God (kanji" is different from "side) similar to the print of the "ne" of the God (katakana" in in JIS X 0213:2004 about variant character), and it is not demanded that it is the print that is the completely same as illustration print, it may be said that it is the print that followed JIS X 0213:2004 even if I choose print freely in a subsumption standard range of JIS X 0213:2004 (the print that obeyed JIS X 0213 even if, e.g., "the crossroads" were not two points of a type of radical). But, as for the font that is generally released as a font of the print according to JIS X 0213:2004, fonts choosing print along the illustration print of JIS X 0213:2004 including two points of a type of radical or meal radical of a Chinese character are often found.
But it is the same print, but the font that does not support all of code point of Unicode not a little exists though code point of some JIS X 0213:2004 is assigned to save it. I give below the case.
Indication of all is not guaranteed even if I use the above-mentioned font that three support JIS X 0213:2004 [6]. But, about small letter (ð,đ,ɖ), I can let you display all it in JIS X 0213:2004-adaptive font because all the shapes are different.
"Encoding expansion kanji set Japan Standards Association for the 2 bytes information exchange of JIS X 0213:2000 7 bits and 8 bits", Tokyo, January, 2000. (January 20, 2000 establishment)
Koji Shibano "establishment of JIS X 0213 (encoding expansion kanji set for the 2 bytes information exchange of 7 bits and 8 bits)," it is pp.3-7 in "standardization journal" Vol. 30 third, Japan Standards Association, Tokyo, March, 2000.
Koichi Yasuoka, Motoko Yasuoka "JIS X 0212 and JIS X 0213," it is pp.19-46 in "Kyoto University mainframe center study seminar report" 64th, Kyoto University mainframe center, Kyoto, March, 2000. （2000March 24）
Koichi Yasuoka "encoding expression of JIS X 0213," it is pp.9-17 in "litterae humaniores and information processing" 26th, 勉誠出版, Tokyo, April, 2000.
About 芳賀進 "present - - non-kanji (signs) of the JIS encoding letter meeting," it is pp.18-22 in "litterae humaniores and information processing" 26th, 勉誠出版, Tokyo, April, 2000.
Koji Shibano (compilation) "enlargement revision JIS Kanji character set dictionary" Japan Standards Association, May, 2002. ISBN 4-542-20129-5。
"Encoding expansion kanji set (supplement 1) for the 2 bytes information exchange of JIS X 0213:2004 7 bits and 8 bits" Japan Standards Association, Tokyo, February, 2004. (February 20, 2004 revision)
About Takashi Sato good luck "revision of JIS X 0213 (encoding expansion kanji set for the 2 bytes information exchange of 7 bits and 8 bits)," it is pp.8-12 in "standardization journal" Vol. 34 fourth, Japan Standards Association, Tokyo, April, 2004.
"A standard study meeting report about the character entity of the kanji for names," it is pp.10-11 in "standardization journal" Vol. 34 eleventh, Japan Standards Association, Tokyo, November, 2004.
"The patch with Windows 9x/NT as JIS X 0213 correspondence" which Io in^新漢字則 (JIS X 0213:2004) made is the example that such an implementation is performed.
^"May Rio," "MS Gothic 3 style of handwriting" (MS Gothic, MS P Gothic, MS UI Gothic) and "MS 2 style of handwriting (MS tomorrow morning, MS P tomorrow morning) tomorrow morning" are JIS X 0213:2004-adaptive fonts.
I was based on JIS X0213:2004 from IPA font Ver.2 which I showed in ^ October, 2007. The details refer to public (PDF) (archive as of March 7, 2010) of the IPA font new series.
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References and the source which I can inspect are not shown at all, or this article is insufficient. You add the source, and please cooperate with the reliability improvement of the article. (July, 2013)
16 bits operating environment (Operating Environment, a note gave their operating system from 3.1) that Microsoft Windows 3.x (Microsoft Windows 3.x) expands MS-DOS. With improved version "Windows 3.1" released in "Windows 3.0" released as a version in 1991 and 1993 (the release year of each Japanese edition).
In addition, I develop "Windows 3.0 with Multimedia Extensions" (Windows MME) corresponding to the multimedia with some models, and minor version up of several degrees is carried out. "Windows for Workgroup" (Windows 3.1 base) supporting a network is released with the English version. In addition, "Win32s to operate 32-bit application as an additional module," there are Internet and "Internet Explorer" (16 bits version) to e-mail it "LAN Manager" for "Video for Windows" to play the animation of the AVI form to connect it to LAN "WinG" to speed up a raster display.
It is necessary to operate MS-DOS system on a computer beforehand to start it from MS-DOS environment. However, it is necessary to purchase MS-DOS separately because each was sold as an expansion product of MS-DOS before Windows 3.1 separately.
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Summary
Microsoft Windows 3.x changed completely with Microsoft Windows 2.x which was for real mode and accomplished development to the OS to utilize protect mode with GUI of the new design. The division according to the CPU which there was in Microsoft Windows 2.x is abolished, but it is less than 80286, and there is a limit for a usable function because I plan function improvement in 80286 or less by using 386 enhanced modes which is not available positively. But movement got heavy, and machine power more than 486 was slightly necessary for 386 enhanced modes practically.
There were real mode (I use the function of 8086 equivalency CPU's), standard mode (I use the function of 80286 equivalency CPU's), 386 enhanced modes (I use the function of the i386 equivalency CPU) in Windows 3.0, but cut off real mode while I speeded up movement speed than 3.0 in Windows 3.1 (Microsoft announces this as good news in conference for developers in the United States, and it is said that I was welcomed ardently by a developer). It is only 16-bit application of 286 protect mode equivalency basically to work with 386 enhanced modes (of course, it can use 386 orders on the application side if a CPU is higher than i386). In addition, it is for Microsoft, and, in Japanese edition Windows 3.1, 80286 is excluded from correspondence with the NEC version, too, and after i386 becomes essential in the standard mode. In addition, it is for IBM, and 80286 is supported, too and can operate at standard. [the source required] the OS had come to already utilize 386 functions at the time of Windows/386 placed as a version for exclusive use of 80386 of Windows 2.x, but the application remained a limit called the real mode. However, the application became the protect mode movement of 286 equivalency in higher than standard mode in Windows3.x, too and came to be able to use protect memory freely. But the limit that the memory must use by 64KB for remains for a limit called the protect mode of 16 bits even if CPU's are more than 386.
It was an advantage that the multi task that could execute plural tasks with graphical user interface (GUI) function at the same time was possible, but one Windows program occupied a CPU, and other programs might stop (nonpreemptive). It was similar, and it was necessary to call an order to leave a task open from all over the program moderately even if I used Visual BASIC which was an interpreter-shaped development environment.
When I put it between the plural MS-DOS based program in 386 enhanced modes, I realized complete multi task. I do not cope with the graphic screen operation with the MS-DOS console.
In addition, because it was based on memory management of MS-DOS, knowledge about the securing of conventional memory was necessary, and constant knowledge was required to add a peripheral device, and to manage it. Particularly, it is necessary for a user to renew config.sys by manual operation in the middle of installation in Windows 3.0, and a hurdle is expensive.
The following existed as the thing which was not localized for Japan.
Windows 3.11
A package of (service pack application version of the place to say in now) Windows 3.1 for update of Windows 3.1 was released in the form that I changed the small of.
Windows for Workgroups 3.1
The thing which supported a network function in Windows 3.1 by default in October, 1992. It was an adding on package to Windows 3.1.
Windows for Workgroups 3.11
In December, 1993, 32 bits file access implements part of planned thing implemented by Windows 95 by taking in advance. It is released as the full package which is different from Windows 3.1/3.11.
Windows 3.2
The thing which localized Windows 3.11 to simplified Chinese character Chinese (product for People's Republic of China) in 1994. In addition, I released English version till then to the simplified Chinese character Chinese market.
PC/AT compatibles (with an IBM JAPAN version and the Microsoft version)
The PC-9800 series (there were an NEC version and a Microsoft version and, as for the English version, only as for the NEC version, was released a few)
If a PC/AT compatibles version and the PC-9800 series version were made in Microsoft, there was a product made in each hardware maker (as for the former as for IBM JAPAN, the latter NEC). These were different from a product made in Microsoft in a part including the Japanese input system. In addition, the product made in IBM JAPAN varied in screen font slightly.
As for the TOSHIBA J-3100 series version, general Windows version "ATOK7" which was not sold was carried.
PC/AT compatibles market in Japan
I had had the DOS/V boom that release time happened between an appearance and enthusiasts of DOS/V and doing it coming at the same time in an occasion and contributed to the formation of the IBM PC/AT compatibles market in Japan very much.
The personal computer (PC) market in Japan almost monopolized a market in those days in a domestic maker. Furthermore, I was in the oligopoly state in the PC-9800 series of NEC if I said. Because I was sold all over the world, the development cost could not compare with a product for exclusive use of the country that I could sell only in a Japanese market, and the PC/AT compatibles was cheap, but was in condition not to be able to enter it for a wall called Japanese. The product development of NEC was left unredeemed from the good balance with office computers (office computer) of the company by the performance level that was lower than the PC/AT compatibles of the same period, and the price was not reduced, too. However, Japanese handle it with cheap and high-performance PC/AT compatibles and will suddenly enlarge the PC/AT compatibles market in the country by virtual completion of Windows that common application is available with the domestic PC. NEC provided Windows for a PC of the company, but it followed that superiority of the application that existed in MS-DOS environment was lost.
640*480/16-colored indication was possible and, in Windows 3.0 for Japanese DOS/V, exceeded a 640*400/16 color of the PC-9800 series of main force machine NEC at the time in standard VGA and was able to use 800*600 high definition from Windows by a commercial driver by having comprised an SVGA mode with the already in those days most DOS/V machine (or a graphic circuit became independent as an expansion board, and exchange was easy) [13]. DDD (Display Dispatch Driver) which displayed Japanese by a patch file and an English version driver to display GUI of high definition, many colors (640*480/256 color, 800*600/256 color, 1024*768/16 color) more was sold by some English version indication board drivers, and cases for the PC/AT compatibles which a hardware price was cheaper than the PC-9800 series, and was high-performance increased led by an upper grade user, and a market has begun to stand up.
There comes to be polychromatic GUI indication high definition even if I use much English version indication board drivers in next Japanese Windows 3.1 directly. In addition, of the impact that TVCM is televised to release, and Masahiro Motoki calls "Windows!" repeatedly users not to be necessary who were particular about the PC-9800 series increased by there being it, and having shown the name of Windows to widely in the country. Input method editor Microsoft IME was adopted as a standard in the outline font TrueType and Microsoft version by Japanese Windows 3.1 [14] and planned unification of the Japanese input and output environment where a difference was in a product for each architecture. [15][16] [17] the new entries by this combination by the assembling PC with the PC parts shop and the foreign PC maker occur successively more [18], and market needs is a chance to shift to PC/AT compatibles.
However, the PC-9800 series was still strong at this stage, too. I needed the OADG standard now having one unification of the standard and the derivation product for the use of these optional kinds between PC-98 series twisters because it was open. Naturally the Japanese PC peripheral device maker released the peripheral device for Windows 3.1 of the PC-9821 series and dropped in price by volume sales effect immediately. In a company use and the game market, the needs of the MS-DOS based application still existed in a considerable number, too. Furthermore, there were the countermeasures such as price reductions by Seiko Epson which was NEC and the PC-98 compatible machine maker which were a manufacturer and continued finding a constant share. It is Windows after 95 that absorbed the difference in apparatus on the OS side by methods such as the device virtualization that this flow gets into full swing.
User interface
It was hard to say, and it should have been said that GUI in the true meaning was realized by the following circumstances in the desktop environment that worked on MS-DOS. The look & feel was renovated by Windows 2.x, but, in this respect, there is not the big change.
Shell
The standard shell was the program launcher which had a function equivalent to menu software called the later Program Manager in Windows 3.x. In addition, a shell can appoint specific application of (shell software made in Command Prompt and the third party) other than File Manager and it by changing setting.
In addition, (MDI) where Program Manager File Manager was able to found plural child screens in a pro-screen together.
Program Manager
As a general rule, I came to perform the start of the program from "Program Manager". Program Manager was a program to show a screen "a group" to classify "the icon" which expressed a program and icons in and was able to start a program by double-clicking an icon. However, there was not correspondency between an icon (and a group) in the Program Manager and the file (and a directory) on the disk, and it was impossible to do file operation on Program Manager. The Program Manager was, so to speak, equivalent to the Start Menu as a place for short cut to say with after 95.
File Manager
I came to perform the file operation by a program called "the File Manager" similar to "the MS-DOS window" which was a shell of previous Windows (1.0 and 2.x). I can execute a program by the double click of the file directly and can perform the linkage of the application by the extension on File Manager, too. The icon smaller than the MS-DOS window that a file name is only enumerated comes to be displayed and, if anything, has appearance similar to the Explorer after Windows 95. But there was not the function to display "a big icon" unlike the task (later description) of Program Manager and the desktop and was able to display only several kinds of icons which oneself had by the File Manager.
That age indication more than 2,000 years is garbled for File Manager again; was defective, but a Y2K-response version was distributed later by Microsoft.
Desktop
I cannot put a file and short cut considerable icon about the domain of so-called desktop. An icon displayed here was a task icon, and the desktop before Windows 3.x was a place equivalent to task bar to say with after 95. But I was able to give glory to wall paper and a design as a background.
There is not a button equivalent to [X] to close the window with after 95 in the title bar of the window in the top right corner. A button [▲] of the top right corner is a button of the maximization (screenful indication), and a button ([◆]-formed button that ▼ equalled ▲ up and down) to return to window indication when I have already maximized it is displayed most. The next button [▼] is a button of the minimization (a task icon). It is possible for the end from a pull-down menu from a[-]button and menubar of the title bar leaning to the left, but it is finished even to double-click left upper [-] itself. I cannot but input in Command Prompt with EXIT without being able to terminate it from menubar and title bar in the case of MS-DOS box. In addition, I can perform the forced end of the active window in [ctrl+alt+delete].
Pointing
The mouse was recommended and was not yet essential in those days. I could choose (I do not use it) which there was no mouse in at the time of setup, and main system in itself of Windows became able to operate even a keyboard. But there is a lot of application that was made with a mouse premise since it is really GUI, and a mouse becomes essential to Windows after 95.
The operation by the right-click was effective, and it still less had special implication only when I coped on the application side in operating Windows. A paint brush and a mine sweeper can utilize a right-click for the application attached to the Windows standard.
Multimedia
Windows 3.0 was not able to handle an animation and a sound at first. But, as for what became able to use those multimedia features for the first time, this was sold separately with the Windows body after Windows 3.0 with Multimedia Extensions was released. A multimedia feature was equipped with in Windows 3.1 by default afterwards.
An MPC (English version) standard was devised by Microsoft, but it was impossible with the PC of the smallest constitution in the first version virtually to use multimedia. I was late very much in comparison with Mac OS or TownsOS at this point in time, but it is the computer for originally duties for offices, and a function for entertainment is a standard, and it may be said even if there was no help for it for the OS to get on IBM PC/AT and the compatible machine that it is not prepared. In Japan, the PC which existed of Windows to be able to use the multimedia feature for by default was FM TOWNS degree in those days. But it was the PC-9800 series, but a model at the time came to be able to regenerate music in standard-based media players to tell the careful thing by there being a lot of FM sound source deployment machines (the thing that sound quality decreases the MIDI reproduction by the FM sound source), and choosing Windows 3.1 as the OS when I prepared for software separately [19].
An effect as the environmental improvement of the DOS is bigger than environmental improvement of Windows with the PC/AT compatibles, and the version up of the MPC standard will push up the PC/AT compatibles which, as a result, was the lowest environment for a game play to a PC gaming standard machine at a stretch. But it became the cause that this delayed a shift to Windows of the game environment and became the strong motive that Microsoft developed WinG and DirectX.
Video for Windows is announced in the times of Windows 3.1, too. Just [when?] から was the thing of the specifications that the resolution was usable only in toy degree low when I saw it, but multimedia CD-ROM software came to be released for Windows 3.1 to come to be able to regenerate AVI. 当時VFWの動画が入ったCD-ROMを日本国外で購入したものの、国内に持ち込む際に税関で止められ没収されたという話がある。 「Video」の文字からアダルトビデオが連想されたらしいのだが、税関にはCD-ROMドライブのあるパソコンすらなく何の問題もない単なる風景映像であることを証明することもできなかったという。 それが当時のマルチメディア環境の現状だった[要出典]。
Windows NTの登場による32ビットOSへの移行を促す意味もあり、Win32sというドライバ/APIがマイクロソフトから供給された。これはWindows 3.1の386エンハンストモード上で動作する32bitプログラムのためのドライバ/APIであり（WinNTのAPIであるWin32のサブセットなのでWin32s）、これにより初期の32ビットアプリケーションの開発を多少容易にした。
また、ファイルシステムにおいてはBIOSを介した16ビットディスクアクセスが基本的に用いられていたものの、Windows 3.1の386エンハンストモードでは常設スワップファイルに対してのみ32ビットでのアクセスが可能となった。さらに、Windows for Workgroups 3.11では完全な32ビットディスクアクセスが実現された。
Windows 95以降、レジストリを中心にWindowsのコンフィグレーションがブラックボックス化されてしまったのに対し、Windows 3.1以前のWindowsは比較的中身の理解しやすいシステムだったと言える。
Windows 3.1時代のシステムの柔軟性を生かして、日本で未発売のWindows for Workgroupsの差分のシステムファイルを日本語版Windows3.1（DOS/V版）に移植をしたり、i286で動作する英語版Windows 3.1[20]や日本未発売のWindows for WorkgroupsにWin/V等の日本語パッチを当てるということも出来た。
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