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A Luger No. 1 single-engine four ring block-type rifle. I have .243-caliber of repair barrels. A movement is opened up.
The four ring block action is one of the operation of the firearms of the single-fire, and a metal block (chain stopper) slides to the cartridge chamber stern of firearms in a groove cut perpendicularly. This operation is carried out by a lever. I am called the sliding block action.
Table of contents
Detailed
Four ring block action
When I closed a cartridge chamber, a chain stopper is raised and is put to the position of the top and a movement is in a fixed condition and is opposed to reaction of the discharge. The chain stopper leaves the cartridge chamber at the position where a chain stopper was pulled down once and does it in the opening state that can charge ammunition from the rear. I return a chain stopper to the position of the top that the lever closes a cartridge chamber and fixes it after the loading. When this is a very strong operation method, and a cartridge chamber was closed, in the engine part, it is in parts of the steel which was completely unified. In comparison with other operation methods, these depend on the rag to close a cartridge chamber. The four ring block action is adopted to heavy artillery like firearms.
The following things are included in the rifle using this operation method. M1870 ベルギアン kombu line, M1872 Miro eggplant, Sharp's gun, Farquharson rifle, 1890 Stevens, Sharp's baud Chard M1878, Winchester M1885, Browning automatic pistol M78, I include Luger No. 1 again. The military rifle which adopted a four ring block action was common in the 19th century. Such gun was replaced with the bolt action rifle which had higher discharge speed in using it in the military. The bolt action rifle was able to perform the loading from a magazine.
The rifles of the four ring block action are still produced and are used for hunting and shooting. In addition, it is adopted to the shotgun of 8 gauge diameters made in a maker.
As for the four ring block action, マルティニ Henry gun and a ballad action and the connection using the Peabody action that is not completely same of similar thing are close. In addition, I use a pivot method rather than a sliding block in rare running fire-type クラーグ ペテルッソン.
McLerran, Wayne (2008). Browning Model 1885 Black Powder Cartridge Rifle: A Reference Manual for the Shooter, Collector & Gunsmith. TexasMac Publishing. ISBN 978-0-615-26561-2.
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MAS 36 is a gun belonging to the class that full length has a shortest for the rifle for the general foot soldier at the time along with Italian Cal Kano M1938, and a woodenness gunstock is divided in two in the existing part of the magazine back and forth.
A bayonet has another characteristic of MAS 36 and the bayonet of this gun is spikes (splinter) model and is received in a pipe of the barrel lower part whereas a general bayonet does a sword type. I turn it after drawing it when I use it and fix it and draw it into the opposite direction when I receive it after turning it.
In addition, it is necessary to carry it in a state not to load a cartridge chamber with a bullet at the time of the carrying because this gun does not have a safety device.
Operational
Because a scale of thing that was incompatible (ベルティエ rifle and the LebeL rifle use 8x50mmR level bullet) of a gun and the ammunition of the having taken up the post formerly and French military in itself was big, and MAS 36 maintained the large number of colonies forces although it was designed to update ベルティエ rifle and LebeL M1886 rifle of the having taken up the post formerly, they stopped, and, as for what was able to update a rifle by France invasion of Nazis Germany which began in May, 1940, the soldier and the reserve duty, the colony soldier of other combatants held a problem to use still old ベルティエ rifle and LebeL rifle only in the frontinfantry unit of the own country.
The MAS 36 rifle handed over the duty as the rifle for the foot soldier to MAS 49 of the semi-auto type in the early 1960s and retired, but the FR F1 (Fusil Modele F1) snipe gun which it produced using engine region of the gun developed it and was adopted.
FR F2 which repaired FR F1 in 7.62x51mm NATO bullet specifications is used as a snipe gun for the active French military even now.
Derivation type
MAS 36 CR39
The model that adopted a folding gunstock made of aluminum for paratroops. The undersurface of the gunstock greatly became hollow to reduce the interference with the main body at the time of folding as much as possible; because was, was hard to hold it at the time of development, and was unpopular among on-site officers saying that worried about a strength side again.
A snipe gun equipped with gunstock, looking into the distance sighting device of the fleshy barrel, pistol grip type in the engine part of MAS 36 which the FR F1 (Fusil modèle F1) is highly precise, and was made. I use 7.5x54mm bullet. A 1967 regulation.
FR F2 which is an improved model of the FR F1 is used for a French military snipe gun of the existing business (a 1984 regulation). This repaired FR F1 in 7.62x51mm NATO bullet specifications and added improvement to barrel and two pieces.
I assume the barrel free floating maintained on the receiver side after extension and cover most of with a polymer thermal jacket made. I control heat waves to produce from precision maintenance by the distortion prevention of the barrel by the heat by the sun and the burnt barrel, and the purpose of the thermal jacket addition is because view prevents what is shut out in the case of an aim.
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References and the source which I can inspect are not shown at all, or this article is insufficient. You add the source, and please cooperate with the reliability improvement of the article. (October, 2015)
A reaction use-style (inertia system) gas pressure use-style (A.R.G.O. (Auto Regulating Gas Operated: gas pressure self-regulation) system) operation method to M3 greatly changes. This is a method to prepare for up ahead of the cartridge chamber with a piston made of two stainless steel and can realize the stable operation according to quantity of length and the charge of gunpowder of the ammunition. But it is necessary to operate a bolt by a direct hand when I use ammunition having weak non-casualties use.
The parts score became less than the model before the M3 that used a complicated inertia system. In addition, I evaded the weak point (the weak point that is common to reaction use-type handguns) not to operate when I did not take the reaction by the inertia system tight. Furthermore, the pump action function is omitted to reduce parts score, and to give reliability.
Use country
The American marine who performs a target practice of M1014
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An original study might be included in this article. You inspect a trouble spot and add the source, and please cooperate with the improvement of the article. Please refer to a notebook for the discussion. (November, 2009)
アサルトライフル (British: assault rifle[ † 1)) is an automatic with ability for all practical automatic shooting. There are many things which facilitate all automatic shooting by using weak ammunition (middle ammunition) of the reaction than conventional bullets (full size bullet [† 2]).
On the other hand, I am called battle rifles and may be distinguished because the automatic using the full size bullet is not suitable for all automatic shooting like M14 rifle [† 3].
アサルトライフル becomes the most common firearms in the current armed forces and spreads well in developing countries and the armed group if I act as an old generation.
I am translated as an assault rifle in Japanese. 89 sets of 5.56mm rifles correspond to アサルトライフル in the firearms which the Self-Defense Forces deploy.
アサルトライフル is the firearm which is available for the change shooting of an injection and the blaze in small size briefly firing ammunition of the power between a submachine gun and the rifle. Assault rifles are short, compact, selective-fire weapons that fire a cartridge intermediate in power between submachinegun and rifle cartridges.
I have the characteristic that アサルトライフル has light reaction, and, therefore, there is ability to perform effective running fire shooting at a range to 300m. Assault rifles have mild recoil characteristics and, because of this, are capable of delivering effective full-automatic fire at ranges to 300 meters. which improves
As for the regulation name of AK-47 and M16, as for the name of the meaning of アサルトライフル, AK-47 and M16 were recognized after the Vietnam War each as representative アサルトライフル with both Soviet Union, United States of America which were АвтоматКалашниковаобразца1947года (Kalashnikov automatic 1947 model), Rifle, Caliber 5.56mm, M16 (16 type 5.56mm diameter rifle) although they did not use it. As a main rifle for the foot soldier of each country, AK-47 and a development type were adopted in the east side camp at the time, and put it together to a use bullet of M16 mainly in the west camp, and the automatic using the 5.56x45mm bullet was adopted afterwards. The automatic using 5.56x45mm bullet, 5.45x39mm bullet, the 7.62x39mm bullet is adopted as main firearms for the foot soldier in each main country and is recognized now as アサルトライフル. But the concrete numerical value to define アサルトライフル is not fixed.
アサルトライフル spreads worldwide:Ethiopian man of the 2008 photography
The gun competed for precision and a range until World War I, but the appearance of the machine gun changed it. And there were many a light machine gun and a submachine gun, automatics which I could carry when the lightweighting of the machine gun advanced and was brought and converged for the firearms of the foot soldier (small rifleman) in アサルトライフル.
The aim of the concept called アサルトライフル is coexistence of the ability for snipe in the middle range (300-400m) that sweeping with fire and a rifle at the point-blank range that a submachine gun took took. I often use the ammunition which is low reaction of effective range around 500m to realize this. With a reshuffling shooting function (there are many guns having the burst function that only a number decided that I pull a trigger performs of a blaze) of the semi-/ full auto, I have the automatic loading mechanism such as gas pressure operation methods, a putting on and taking off-type magazine.
In addition, direct gunstock-style like the light machine gun (a gunstock is located on the extension of the barrel axis) is common, and, from a purpose to be easy by reaction control, it is the element which is important to the pistol grip to do the maintenance if easy, and there are many products designed by an easy bulldog cataplasm method of the reaction control.
A lot of things that the large size component (stock or hand guard) of fiber-reinforced plastics resisting an environmental change was put together in metal nucleus parts (barrel and engine parts) are made of superior technique into productivity including integrally molding it by steel sheet press working and fiber-reinforced plastics, and, with the recent product, the point where unit price is cheap characterizes アサルトライフル.
A definition and name
There are multiple names to hint at アサルトライフル and similar firearms, but the definition that is close by a country and an organization is different.
シュトゥルムゲヴェーア
The word "Sturmgewehr" (StG, StGw, SG, シュトゥルム ゲヴェーア) pointing at similar firearms in German is said to be the name that Adolf Hitler oneself devised to rename new rifle MP43 developed during World War II [3]. The equal firearms were referred to Maschinenkarabiner (MKb, マシーネンカラビナー, "a machine car bottle") until the word シュトゥルム ゲヴェーア was devised. For example, a name MKb42 was given in a trial manufacture type of StG44 submitted to in 1942, and the assault rifle produced experimentally again in 1945 was named MKb Gerät 06H tentatively and was referred to a type assault rifle later for StG 45 (M) namely Moselle type 45 years.
In German Federales organized in the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany), I used only the expression called Gewehr (G) namely the rifle for the name of the regulation rifle not Sturmgewehr (StG) as seen in G3 and G36. The firearms are used as a word to classify, e.g., the German federation army calls G36 with Sturmgewehr on a homepage [4], and G3 may be mentioned as Sturmgewehr [5]; [6].
German major firearms メーカーヘッケラー & Koch Corporation uses Sturmgewehr for the classification of the product, too [7]. Other than G36, HK417 is classified as HK416 here.
Is said that English "Assault Rifle" (アサルトライフル) translated a term シュトゥルム ゲヴェーア (Sturmgewehr) coined a word in Nazis Germany into English [11]; [3]. The rifle for sports to assume アサルトライフル a model in a public welfare market in the 1980s began to circulate, and this word was recognized widely generally [3].
In the report about the changing of a name of MP43 made in U.S. Army in 1945, "Assault Rifle" is used as an equivalent of Sturmgewehr where a German side coined a word and does it when it is "machine carbine" same as before about the function [12].
According to a description of "Small Arms Identification and Operation Guide - Eurasian Communist Countries" of 1973, I can interpret the definition of アサルトライフル in the U.S. Army saying "I comprise セレクティブ fire function in small size using ammunition of the power between a submachine gun and the rifle briefly, and the effective range at the time of the fully automatic shooting is a gun of around 300m in low reaction" [1]. In addition, in the Institute for legislation action of National Rifle Association (NRA) (NRA-ILA), I introduce a definition called "rifle (a selective-fire rifle chambered for a cartridge of intermediate power.) with the セレクティブ fire function using ammunition of the middle power" as a thing by the U.S. Armies [13].
With アサルトライフル, downsizing or 弱装化 is a military gun having a change function of the semi-/ full auto using a done bullet. Light weight is easy to also carry these and shows enough precision and high heat in the range of modern battle distance namely around 300-500m. Therefore I substituted the bolt action-type rifle which was high power of World War II period and an automatic as firearms for the standard foot soldier in the modern armed forces. Assault rifle, military firearm that is chambered for ammunition of reduced size or propellant charge and that has the capacity to switch between semiautomatic and fully automatic fire. Because they are light and portable yet still able to deliver a high volume of fire with reasonable accuracy at modern combat ranges of 300–500 m (1,000–1,600 feet), assault rifles have replaced the high-powered bolt-action and semiautomatic rifles of the World War II era as the standard infantry weapon of modern armies.
In the United States of America, it is the problem that it is often the word vague "アサルトライフル" of the definition in conjunction with a discussion of the gun control and is often confused with term "アサルトウェポン" (Assault weapon) defined as a regulation object legally again [15]; [3].
About "Автомат" (aphthous Mart) pointing at similar firearms in Russian, I am defined now in GOST standard 28,653-90 "firearms, term and definition" (ГОСТ28653-90«Оружиестрелковое.Терминыиопределения») that took effect in 1991 [17]. It is said that aphthous Mart is "automation car bottle" (автоматическийкарабин) and is considered to be "lightweight rifle (облегчённаявинтовкасукороченнымстволом) with the short barrel" about the car bottle (Карабин, empty bottle) here. In addition, the rifle (Винтовка, vint shark) is considered to be "firearms (нарезноестрелковоеоружие,конструктивнопредназначенноедляудержанияиуправленияпристрельбедвумярукамисупоромприкладавплечо) of the structure that there is a life ring and maintains a gunstock with expectation both hands on a shoulder, and to shoot".
Assault rifle
The word assault rifle pointing at similar firearms in Japanese is defined in "Ministry of Defense standard firearms term" (firearms) [18]. The assault rifle is a word corresponding to English Assault Rifle, and it is said, "the gun which is suitable for charge shooting with kind of the rifle has the 給弾 magazine which it is possible for by all automatically semiautomatic functions and a lot of bullet.". In addition, I am defined as "shooting to usually perform in waist no use or dancing posture on the occasion of a charge" about "the charge shooting" here [19].
But, as seen in 89 sets of 5.56mm rifles and 64 sets of 7.62mm rifles, the firearms equivalent to Assault Rifle which the Self-Defense Forces adopted are referred to a rifle. In addition, the expression called kana notation and the automatic called アサルトライフル is often used about similar firearms.
In the early 20th century when various automatic firearms had begun to develop, the concept called アサルトライフル did not yet exist, but the firearms which became the getting a head start appeared [11].
It is said that the first automatic near a concept of アサルトライフル is チェイ = re-Gotti rifle (English version) made in Italy invented in 1890 (Cei-Rigotti). This was an automatic of the car bottle size of the semi-/ full for two uses of the gas pressure operation method developed at the beginning of the 20th century, but it stopped in a trial manufacture level and was not supplied to the armed forces. As for チェイ = re-Gotti, there was the model using a more powerful Argentine 7.65mm bullet other than 6.5mmx52 Cal Kano bullet (English version) which was the standard bullets of the Italian military. The magazine was rigid, and a stripper clip was necessary for the loading.
For the same period, the development of the automatic to update LebeL M1886 was pushed forward in France, and an automatic known as Rossignol ENT B1 (English version) in that was produced experimentally. Because weight was to (as for the LebeL rifle 9.7 pounds) more than 20 pounds using the small diameter bullet called the 6x60mm bullet as for this gun although I comprised セレクティブ fire function and a putting on and taking off-type magazine, I did not reach the adoption after all. It was hoped that ENT B1 served as the role of the machine gun.
^従来の小銃で使用されていた7.62mm弾や7.92mm弾のこと。英語ではfull power cartridgesなどと表現される。単射での狙撃を前提に使用されていた弾薬なので、小銃で全射撃をすると反動が過大で実用性が低かった。フルサイズの弾薬で効果的な全自動射撃を行うには、二脚や三脚で地面などに委託して反動を抑えることができる大型の機関銃が必要だった。
^チェイ＝リゴッティに使用された6.5mmx52カルカノ弾と、フェドロフM1916に使用された6.5mmx50SR有坂弾は、その薬莢サイズから現代ではフルサイズ小銃弾として分類されている。しかし、実際には2,600-2,300J程度のエネルギーしか出せない非力な弾薬で、7.92x57mmモーゼル弾や.30-06スプリングフィールド弾が3,600-4,000Jという強装であった事と比較すると格段に弱装だった事が分かる。これらと同レベルの弾薬としては、1920年代に米軍が採用を検討した.276ペデルセン弾（英語版）や、StG44によって突撃銃の概念が確立された後に英国で試作された.280ブリティッシュ弾がある。また、現代の米軍が限定的に採用している6.8×43mm_SPC弾や6.5 mm グレンデル弾（英語版）なども2,400-2,500J前後で同じレベルの弾薬とされる
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